The directed functional connectivity in cerebral cortical is the key to understanding the pattern of the behavioral tissue. This process was studied to explore the directed functional network of rifle shooters at cerebral cortical rhythms from electroencephalogram (EEG) data, aiming to provide neurosciences basis for the future development of accelerating rifle skill learning method. The generalized orthogonalized partial directed coherence (gOPDC) algorithm was used to calculate the effective directed functional connectivity of the experts and novices in the pre-shot period. The results showed that the frontal, frontal-central, central, parietal and occipital regions were activated. Moreover, the more directed functional connections numbers in right hemispheres were observed compared to the left hemispheres. Furthermore, as compared to experts, novices had more activated regions, the stronger strength of connections and the lower value of the global efficiency during the pre-shot period. Those indirectly supported the conclusion that the novices needed to recruit more brain resources to accomplish tasks, which was consistent with " neural efficiency” hypothesis of the functional cerebral cortical in experts.
Day surgery, which requires patients to complete preoperative preparations before hospitalization, is associated with a higher risk of same-day cancellation compared to traditional inpatient surgery. The rate of same-day cancellations has thus become a critical issue impacting healthcare efficiency, patient experience, and the broader adoption of this care model. This article systematically reviews the status of same-day cancellations in day surgery, both domestically and internationally, and analyzes their multifactorial causes and influencing elements. It further summarizes key management strategies and recent advances aimed at reducing the cancellation rate, which include the development of predictive models, optimization of the entire preoperative management process, multidisciplinary collaboration, the application of digital and intelligent technologies, and the use of quality improvement tools. Finally, the paper proposes an integrated patient management pathway for day surgery, aiming to provide evidence-based references for improving the overall quality of day surgery programs in clinical practice.