Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of psychological intervention on the survival outcome of breast cancer patients. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Chongqing VIP were searched by computer. The search time ranged from the establishment of the databases to December 31, 2024. Randomized controlled trials of psychological intervention related to breast cancer were searched, and the studies that met the criteria were qualitatively described and meta-analyzed. Results A total of 11 randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis included five studies, and the results showed that the survival rate of breast cancer patients receiving psychological intervention had no significant difference compared with breast cancer patients receiving only conventional treatment (P＞0.05). Meta-analysis of 3 studies involving early and middle stage breast cancer patients showed that there was no significant difference in survival rate between breast cancer patients receiving psychological intervention and breast cancer patients receiving only conventional treatment (P＞0.05). The qualitative analysis of the impact of psychological intervention on the survival of breast cancer patients showed that 3 studies found that psychological intervention could improve the survival of breast cancer patients, and the main outcome was to prolong the median survival or average survival. ConclusionsQualitative analysis shows that psychological intervention may improve the survival period of breast cancer patients. Due to the limited number of included studies and small sample size, the meta-analysis results failed to provide sufficient evidence that psychological intervention can improve the survival outcome of breast cancer, and this result needs further verification.