Objective To investigate the current research status of neoadjuvant therapy for gallbladder cancer and evaluate the application value of combined therapeutic strategies. MethodRelevant domestic and international literature was retrieved, and clinical research data in recent years were systematically reviewed to analyze the efficacy and safety of different therapeutic regimens. ResultsNeoadjuvant therapy for gallbladder cancer including interventional therapy, interventional therapy combined with targeted therapy/immunotherapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, radiotherapy combined with targeted therapy/immunotherapy, chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy/immunotherapy, targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy. Neoadjuvant therapy not only improves the key curative effect such as objective response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival, but also provides an effective alternative for patients who are intolerant to chemotherapy. However, most existing studies are small-sample retrospective analyses or single-arm trials with selection bias, lacking unified standards and large-sample evidence-based medical support. ConclusionsNeoadjuvant therapy (especially combined strategies) can significantly improve the survival benefits of gallbladder cancer patients. Future multicenter and large sample clinical studies are needed to optimize therapeutic strategies, combined with artificial intelligence technology to promote diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder cancer.