The article titled "The global burden of lung cancer: Current status and future trends" which is recently published in Nature Reviews Cinical Oncology has provided a detailed analysis of the current global status of lung cancer. This article focuses on the global burden of lung cancer, risk factors, related prevention, control measures and treatment progress. Based on the current situation of lung cancer in the world, this paper analyzes the current situation of lung cancer in China, and briefly interprets the key points of prevention as well as control measures in the article.
ObjectiveTo explore the genetic mutation characteristics, clinical manifestations, and treatment outcomes of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), and to construct a quantitative scoring system for the severity of CPVT. The correlation between the mutations in different structural domains of the RyR2 gene and clinical manifestations and prognosis was analyzed. MethodsBy searching the PubMed and Web of Science databases for CPVT-related case reports published up to December 2024, data such as patient age, clinical manifestations, gene mutation sites, and treatment responses were collected. The quality of the literature was assessed using the CARE guidelines. The χ2 test was used to compare the severity and treatment response differences among different RyR2 structural domain mutation groups, and an innovative quantitative scoring system based on symptoms and efficacy was established. ResultsA total of 81 articles were included, with 102 patients in total. The quality of the literature was reliable. The age of the patients ranged from 1 to 84 years, with a higher proportion of children under 10 years old (25.5%). Female patients (54.9%) outnumbered males (45.1%). For CPVT patients, a quantitative scoring system was developed, with a total score of 2 to 10 points. Among them, 2 to 4 points were classified as mild, 5 to 7 points as moderate, and 8 to 10 points as severe. The results showed that severe patients often had a history of cardiac arrest and were resistant to treatment. Out of the 102 CPVT patients, RyR2 gene mutations accounted for 53.9% (55/81) of patients. Among them, the proportion of severe patients with N-terminal structural domain mutations was significantly higher than other regions, indicating that the RyR2 gene mutation structural domain has a significant impact on the severity of CPVT (χ2=17.530, P=0.008). The proportion of patients with mutations in the central hinge region who were ineffective with β-blockers reached 42.9% (3/7), which was significantly higher than other regions. Left cardiac sympathectomy was performed in 24 cases, and postoperative symptoms were almost completely controlled, significantly better than the drug treatment group.ConclusionMutations in the N-terminal structural domain of the RyR2 gene are significantly correlated with the severity of CPVT. Left cardiac sympathectomy has gradually become an effective intervention for refractory cases. The scoring system proposed in this study can provide a basis for clinical stratified treatment. In the future, there is a need to expand the sample size to verify mutation-specific treatment strategies.
ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the current state of caregivers' awareness and demand for wearable seizure detection devices in children with epilepsy. MethodsA convenience sampling approach was employed to select 207 caregivers of children with epilepsy, who met the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria at Shenzhen Children's Hospital between April and June 2024. Data were gathered through general demographic surveys and a specialized questionnaire assessing caregivers' recognition of and demand for wearable seizure detection devices. ResultsThe findings revealed that the majority of caregivers were largely unaware of wearable seizure detection devices, yet exhibited substantial concern over the potential for undetected seizures. Notably, a significant proportion of caregivers expressed a keen interest in adopting such devices and demonstrated a willingness to use them on a long-term basis. A moderate positive correlation was observed between caregivers' apprehension about undetected seizures and their level of interest in using wearable monitoring devices (r=0.455, P<0.001). Furthermore, most caregivers indicated a willingness to accept devices with false alarm and false negative rates of ≤25%, preferring to receive seizure alerts within one minute of onset. The majority of participants also expressed that they would only consider using the device if its cost were covered by insurance. ConclusionCaregivers of children with epilepsy exhibit significant concern over undetected seizures, coupled with limited awareness of wearable seizure detection devices. However, they express strong interest in adopting such technologies. These findings underscore the imperative to continue advancing the functionality and accessibility of these devices, enhance public awareness, and further educate caregivers to foster greater confidence and trust in wearable epilepsy monitoring solutions.
Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a rare and severe epileptic encephalopathy characterized by critical illness, complex nursing requirements, the need for multidisciplinary collaboration, and high-intensity care during its acute phase. Based on a review of relevant literature and specific nursing practices, this article summarizes the latest advancements in the acute-phase care of children with FIRES. It focuses on aspects such as the management of status epilepticus, fever care, airway management, nutritional support and ketogenic diet, family support, and multidisciplinary collaboration. The aim is to provide a reference for clinical nursing practices and related research.
ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of different concentrations of saline irrigation in treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis by network meta-analysis. MethodsThe CNKI, WanFang Data, CBM, VIP, Embase, PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials on different concentrations of saline irrigation in treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis from inception to March 1, 2024. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. The network meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 17.0 software. ResultsIn total, 935 patients were enrolled in 15 study. The results of network meta-analysis showed that visual analogue scale sore, nasal mucosal ciliary transport rate and Lund-Kennedy sore of hypertonic saline irrigation group were superior to isotonic saline irrigation group. 2.5% hypertonic saline irrigation had best efficacy in terms of visual analogue scale sore, while 3% hypertonic saline irrigation had best efficacy in terms of mucosal ciliary transport rate and 3.5% hypertonic saline irrigation had best efficacy in terms of Lund-Kennedy sore. ConclusionCurrent evidence indicates that hypertonic saline irrigation has more advantages in terms of clinical efficacy rate, visual analogue scale sore, nasal mucosal ciliary transport rate and Lund-Kennedy sore, while 2.5% hypertonic saline irrigation has more advantages in terms of balancing efficacy and acceptability. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.