Skin trauma is a global public health issue, and chronic wound healing is complex. Its care faces problems such as long cycles and poor outcomes. In recent years, research on novel wound dressings and nursing methods has gradually increased, but there is still a lack of systematic summary of nanomaterials dressings for repairing chronic skin wounds. This article reviews the application and nursing effects of nanomaterials dressings in chronic wound repair, explores their potential, and looks forward to the research directions of chronic wound prevention, science popularization, and service system construction, providing a reference for the clinical application of nanomaterials.