In thoracoscopic pulmonary nodule resection surgery, precise preoperative planning is crucial. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction technologies have shown great potential in this area. AI-assisted 3D reconstruction technologies can provide accurate, personalized models of the pulmonary vasculature and bronchial anatomy, assisting surgeons in detailed surgical planning and thus enhancing the precision and safety of surgeries. This article reviews the application progress of AI-assisted 3D reconstruction technologies in pulmonary nodule surgery, including their applications in preoperative diagnosis, surgical planning, and intraoperative navigation, as well as the advancements in AI-assisted 3D reconstruction technologies. It analyzes the technical features of all kinds of 3D reconstruction methods, their clinical applications, and the challenges they face.