目的：探討SOS兒童村兒童的自我意識狀況和人格特征，為其心理衛生保健提供理論依據。方法：采用整群隨機抽樣法抽取成都市SOS兒童村兒童76名，以Piers-Harris兒童自我意識量表（PHCSS）和艾森克個性問卷（EPQ）進行測試。結果：與湖南常模比較，兒童村兒童焦慮因子分低于常模，差異有顯著統計學意義（P＜0.01）。與中國城市常模比較，兒童村兒童自我意識總分、智力與學校情況、軀體外貌與屬性、幸福與滿足等因子分低于中國城市兒童常模，差異有統計學意義（P＜0.05）。SOS兒童村兒童EPQ測試結果：SOS兒童村兒童的E量表分均低于全國常模；女兒童的精神質量表分低于常模；男兒童精神質量表分高于女兒童，女兒童掩飾性量表分高于男兒童。SOS兒童村兒童人格各維度和母親學習期望因素與其自我意識狀況呈現一定的相關性。結論：SOS兒童村兒童自我意識水平呈現低于全國城市兒童的特點，人格特征顯示出內向而穩定的傾向。
ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and safety of a custom-made, needle-assisted retractor (derived from a nerve monitoring monopolar ball-tip probe) in gasless unilateral axillary approach (GUA) endoscopic thyroidectomy. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data and surgical procedures of 50 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy using the needle-assisted technique via GUA at the Department of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University from April 2023 to December 2023. All surgical procedures were performed by a single surgeon. Surgical experiences and operative techniques were summarized. ResultsAmong the 50 patients, there were 48 females and 2 males, with an age of (35.16±7.56) years. Forty-seven patients were diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma, with a tumor diameter of (0.69±0.52) cm; 3 patients were diagnosed with benign nodules, with a maximum diameter of (2.67±0.58) cm. All patients underwent unilateral thyroid lobectomy (patients with malignancy additionally underwent central neck dissection). All surgery was successfully completed without conversion to open surgery. The operative time was (156.12±34.27) min. Postoperative complications included temporary hoarseness in 2 patients, subcutaneous effusion in 2 patients, and ipsilateral upper limb numbness in 1 patient. All complications recovered within one month. ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the good feasibility and safety of needle-assisted endoscopic thyroidectomy via the GUA. Furthermore, it helps reduce the difficulty of the procedure, which provides effective support for surgeons, especially beginners, to rapidly master this technique.