ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the risk factors associated with the incidence of status epilepticus and provide evidence-based medical evidence for early identification and prevention. MethodsSystematic searches were performed in databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and CBM for studies investigating risk factors for status epilepticus. The search covered the period from database inception to December 2025. Two researchers independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 18.0 software. ResultsA total of 10 articles were ultimately included (8 case-control studies and 2 cohort studies). The meta-analysis results indicated that a history of epilepsy [OR= 7.64, 95%CI (3.44, 17.00), P<0.000 01], poor medication adherence [OR=3.74, 95%CI(2.52,5.56), P<0.000 01], cerebrovascular disease [OR=6.01, 95%CI(3.60, 10.03), P<0.000 01], central nervous system infection [OR=4.60, 95%CI(2.58, 8.19), P<0.000 01], craniocerebral injury [OR=2.57, 95%CI(1.19, 5.55), P=0.02], abnormal background electroencephalogram activity [OR=2.98, 95%CI(1.90, 4.66), P<0.000 01], and neuroimaging (MRI) abnormalities [OR=1.98, 95%CI(1.39,2.83), P=0.000 2] were potential risk factors for status epilepticus. ConclusionHistory of epilepsy, poor medication adherence, cerebrovascular disease, central nervous system infection, craniocerebral injury, abnormal background electroencephalogram activity, and abnormal neuroimaging findings may be risk factors for the onset of status epilepticus. Therefore, early identification of and intervention based on these risk factors are crucial for preventing status epilepticus.