【摘要】 目的 評價大分割適形放射治療對腹膜后軟組織腫瘤術后患者的治療作用。 方法 對1998年10月-2003年4月收治的16例腹膜后軟組織急性腫瘤術后患者行大分割適形放射治療，設計臨床靶區等效生物劑量為55～62 Gy，觀察放療后2、5年局部控制率、生存率和無病生存情況。 結果 2、5年局部控制率較未行放療患者明顯提高并和其他放射治療方式達到較高治療劑量者近似；遠期生存無改善，無病生存率較未行放療患者有提高。 結論 大分割適形放射治療方式對腹膜后軟組織急性腫瘤術后患者有較好的局部控制作用，無瘤生存率有提高，遠期生存無改善，無嚴重的遠期放療后遺癥。【Abstract】 Objective To observe the effect of high-dose three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with surgery on primary retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma. Methods A total of 16 patients with primary retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma underwent high-dose three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy after sarcoma excision from October 1998 to April 2003. The biologically effective dose was 55-62 Gy for CTV. The local control rate and long-term survival rate and disease free survival after 2 and 5 years were observed. Results The local control rate obviously raised in these patients after 2 and 5 years; but the long-term survival rate didn’t improve and the disease free survival improved in these patients compared with those wasn’t radiated. Conclusion High-dose three-dinensional comfomal radiotherapy is effective on the patients with retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma in local control rate and disease free survival, but long-term survival rate is not improved and the side-effect is not serious.