目的：分析汶川地震致脊髓損傷患者的病情特點。方法：對35例地震致脊髓損傷患者進行回顧性調查。結果：地震造成的這35例脊髓損傷患者在性別、年齡無明顯差異，完全性損傷占42.86%，不完全損傷占57.14%。主要致傷原因為壓榨傷（68.57%）。骨折部位依次為腰椎（57.14%）、胸椎（28.57%）、頸椎（11.43%）。受傷時體位60%為屈曲位。31.43%的完全性損傷患者由非專業救援人員救出。結論：35例患者脊髓損傷程度普遍較重，主要是與地震當時巨大沖擊力有關，也與受災現場救援條件嚴重受限，錯過最佳治療時機有關。現場的急救、救援方式對患者的傷情和預后有重要影響，因此需要大力宣傳和普及災害后搶救傷員的基本知識。
During transfer tasks, the dual-arm nursing-care robot require a human-robot mechanics model to determine the balance region to support the patient safely and stably. Previous studies utilized human-robot two-dimensional static equilibrium models, ignoring the human body volume and muscle torques, which decreased model accuracy and confined the robot ability to adjust the patient’s posture in three-dimensional spatial. Therefore, this study proposes a three-dimensional spatial mechanics modeling method based on individualized human musculoskeletal multibody dynamics. Firstly, based on the mechanical features of dual-arm support, this study constructed a foundational three-dimensional human-robot mechanics model including body posture, contact position and body force. With the computed tomography data from subjects, a three-dimensional femur-pelvis-sacrum model was reconstructed, and the individualized musculoskeletal dynamics was analyzed using the ergonomics software, which derived the human joint forces and completed the mechanic model. Then, this study established a dual-arm robot transfer platform to conduct subject transfer experiments, showing that the constructed mechanics model possessed higher accuracy than previous methods. In summary, this study provides a three-dimensional human-robot mechanics model adapting to individual transfers, which has potential application in various scenarios such as nursing-care and rehabilitating robots.