Abstract: Cardiac transplantation is an effective therapeutic method for terminalstage heart diseases. The immunosuppressive treatment based on calcineurin inhibitors (CsA and FK506) is most commonly used, monoclonal antibodies are also used in some recipients as induction therapy before and/or after transplantation. Some new immunosuppressive drugs, such as Rapamycin and Everolimus, can not only inhibit the acute transplant rejection but also prevent cardiac vasculopathy. The application of some relatively nontraumatic tests, such as immunological indexes, cardiac markers and other serological parameters, are helpful for diagnosis and preventing postcardiac transplant rejection at early stage and improving the result of cardiac transplantation.