ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of sleeve gastrectomy on preventing adipose infiltration and LOX-1 expression in aortic epithelium of high-fat-diet-induced obese rats. MethodsTwenty-four Wistar rats were randomized into normal chow group (CO group), high-fat diet group (HD group), and high-fat diet combined with sleeve gastrectomy group (SG group). Rats of three groups before operation and CO group after operation were fed with normal diet, rats of HD and SG group were fed with high-fat diet. Body weight of all the rats were examined on day 10, 20, and 30 after operation, respectively. Animals were sacrificed on day 30 after operation and plasma HDL and LDL were detected by ELISA, LOX-1 and LOX-1 mRNA expression in aortic epithelium were measured by Western blot and real-time RT-PCR, respectively. Immunochemical histological Nile red stain was adopted in adipose infiltration examination of aorta. ResultsThe body weights in HD group were much higher than those of other groups （Plt;0.01）. The HDL in CO, HD, and SG groups was (32.9±6.2) mg/dl, (43.4± 4.0) mg/dl, and (37.5± 4.3) mg/dl, respectively. The LDL in CO, HD, and SG groups was (31.8±4.5) mg/dl, (53.3±5.1) mg/dl, and (40.5±3.7 ) mg/dl, respectively. The HDL and LDL values in HD group were higher than those of other two groups (Plt;0.05, Plt;0.01). The LOX-1 protein and mRNA expressions in HD group were much higher than those of other groups (Plt;0.01). Adipose staining in HD group was also ber than that of other groups. ConclusionsHigh-fat diet can induce elevation of LOX-1 protein and mRNA expression in aorta. Sleeve gastrecto my can relieve plasma LDL level, as a result, LOX-1 protein and mRNA expression should be down-regulated.