Objective To study the effects of anxious condition on asthma symptom burden and asthma control in elderly asthma patients in primary care settings. Methods Totally 128 elderly asthma patients were recruited in this study. The patients were required to fill in the questionnaire，then the score of asthma control test （ACT） and Hamilton anxious meter（HAMA） were calculated. Risk factors of anxious condition were analyzed by logistic analysis. Results The ACT scores in the anxious patients were significantly lower than those of the non-anxious patients [17.45±3.14 vs. 21.45±2.37，Plt;0.05）. The patients with lower incoming and more complications had more severe anxious condition，lower asthma control level，and more asthmatic medications. Meanwhile the latter conditions also increased the incidence of anxiety in the elderly asthma patients significantly （Plt;0.05）. Conclusions The elderly asthma patients in primary care settings are also complicated with anxiety，and the anxious condition can significantly increase asthma symptom burden and decrease asthma control level.