ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy and safety of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in the treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), and to provide clinical evidence for the treatment options of LGS. MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 15 patients with LGS who underwent VNS at our hospital from January 2021 to December 2024. The seizure frequency, seizure types, antiepileptic drugs use, and stimulation parameters were collected at preoperation and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation, and postoperative adverse reactions were recorded. The McHugh classification and response rate were used as the main evaluation indicators for efficacy assessment. ResultsAll patients completed at least 12 months of follow-up. At 12 months postoperatively, the total effective rate (McHugh grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ) reached 86.67%, with response rate (≥50% reduction in seizure frequency) was 60.00%. The seizure frequency was significantly lower than that before the operation (P<0.001). The response rates at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively were 26.67%, 46.67%, 53.30%, and 60.00%, respectively. The results show that the therapeutic effect gradually improves over time. Postoperative adverse reactions mainly included hoarseness and coughing, which were all transient, and no serious permanent complications occurred. ConclusionsVNS is a safe and effective treatment for LGS, which can significantly reduce seizure frequency and improve the quality of life of some patients. The efficacy gradually improves over time, making it worthy of clinical promotion.