Hepatolithiasis is a common and frequently-occurring disease in China. Its condition is complex and variable, making diagnosis and treatment challenging. To standardize the diagnosis and treatment of hepatolithiasis, experts in hepatobiliary surgery from Hunan Province jointly discussed, drafted, and published the “Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment Expert Consensus on Hepatolithiasis in Hunan (2024 Edition)”, providing a more solid basis and more comprehensive guidance for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of hepatolithiasis. To help hepatobiliary surgeons better understand and apply this consensus, we provide a detailed interpretation of its key points and innovations.