Objective To study the distribution of HIV/AIDS high-risk population, HIV infection and the main risk factors for developing HIV/AIDS’ controllable measures and exploring appropriate health education and behavior intervention models. Methods A total of 360 commercial sex workers (CSW) joined together through convenience sampling and 360 drug users (DU) joined together through convenience sampling or snow-balling sampling whose relevant behavior factors were investigated by questionnaires. Results The general rate of knowing knowledge about AIDS was 75.2% among 360 CSW, 67.8% CSW used condom in commercial sex activities; none of 149 CSW blood samples was detected HIV or syphilis antibody positive. The general rate of knowing knowledge about AIDS was 83.7% among 360 DU who injected drugs last month, the rate of sharing needles was 47.6% and the low rate of condom used; 1 HIV antibody and 5 syphilis antibodies positive were found among 198 DU blood samples, so HIV and syphilis infection rate were 0.51%and 2.53%, respectively. Conclusion The rate of HIV infection is a very low level and there are many risk factors among CSW and DU. A good job should be done to integrate AIDS health education with behavioral intervention and the monitoring system for the AIDS/HIV high-risk population should be improved.