Sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are both common diseases in the elderly, and they exhibit a bidirectional association, posing a threat to the physical and mental health of the elderly. Sarcopenia increases the risk of CVD, while CVD may in turn accelerate muscle loss and functional decline. However, current research on the relationship between sarcopenia and CVD is still in its preliminary stages, and the association in disease risk between the two conditions remains unclear. Therefore, this review summarizes the current status of research on the association between sarcopenia and CVD and their common risk factors, with the aim of providing a reference for early identification and comprehensive prevention and treatment.