【摘要】 目的 觀察機械通氣對黏蛋白（mucin，MUC）-5AC表達的影響及復方川貝精片的干預作用。 方法 新西蘭兔25只，6個月齡，雄性；隨機分為對照組、機械通氣12 h組及復方川貝精片低、中、高劑量組。收集支氣管灌洗液，分別采用實時熒光定量聚合酶鏈式反應法和酶聯免疫吸附試驗檢測支氣管灌洗液中p38 MAPK mRNA，MUC-5AC蛋白和mRNA的表達。 結果 機械通氣能增強MUC-5AC的分泌（Plt;0.05）；加用復方川貝精片能降低機械通氣后MUC-5AC蛋白和mRNA的表達（Plt;0.05）；復方川貝精片中、高劑量組與低劑量組比較，能降低機械通氣后MUC-5AC蛋白和mRNA的表達（Plt;0.05）。 結論 機械通氣能促進支氣管黏膜上皮細胞分泌MUC-5AC，復方川貝精片能抑制機械通氣所致MUC-5AC表達升高，其機制可能與其抑制p38 MAPK表達有關。【Abstract】 Objective To observe the effect of mechanical ventilation by breathing machine on the expression of mucin (MUC-5AC) and the interfering effect of compound tablet of fritillary bulb. Methods New Zealand Rabbits were randomly divided into control group, twelve-hour mechanical ventilation group, and low, medium and high-dose compound tablet of fritillary bulb group. Contents of p38 MAPK mRNA, MUC-5AC mRNA and protein in bronchial irrigating solution were detected by realtime RT-PCR and ELISA methods. Results Mechanical ventilation could increase the expression of MUC-5AC in bronchial irrigating solution (Plt;0.05). Compound tablet of fritillary bulb could decrease the expression of MUC-5AC mRNA and protein after mechanical ventilation (Plt;0.05). Compared with low-dose compound tablet of fritillary bulb group, the expression of MUC-5AC mRNA and protein was lower for the high and medium-dose groups (Plt;0.05). Conclusions Mechanical ventilation can promote the expression of MUC-5AC in bronchial endothelial cells, which can be suppressed by compound tablet of fritillary bulb. This may be due to the suppression effect of p38 MAPK expression.