【摘要】 目的 探討辣椒素對不同年齡SD大鼠內臟感覺神經元上辣椒素受體（TRPV1）介導的離子通道的影響。 方法 急性分離7~9 d和21~23 d大鼠迷走神經結狀神經節神經元，利用全細胞膜片鉗技術在分離的神經元上記錄辣椒素激活TRPV1受體后通道電流的變化。 結果 ①7~9 d和21~23 d大鼠內臟感覺神經元的膜電容分別為（18.57±8.60）和（19.85±9.47） pF，（Pgt;0.05）；②辣椒素能夠激活7~9 d和21~23 d大鼠內臟感覺神經元上TRPV1并產生相似的內向電流，兩組產生的峰電流密度分別為（48.59±18.87）、（55.91±20.52） pA/pF（Pgt;0.05）；③反復應用辣椒素使TRPV1受體發生失敏現象。 結論 大鼠內臟感覺神經元的TRPV1受體通道在出生后已經發育成熟，且對辣椒素激活的通道電流有相似的變化。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effects of capsaicin on transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor-mediated ion channel currents of visceral sensory neurons in different-aged Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods We isolated the vagal nodose ganglion neurons of rats at an age of 7-9 days or 21-23 days acutely. With the whole cell patch clamp technique, we recorded the current changes of TRPV1 channels activated by capsaicin. Results ① Membrane capacitances of the visceral sensory neurons were (18.57±8.60) and (19.85±9.47) pF in rats of 7-9 and 21-23 days, respectively (Pgt;0.05). ② Capsaicin activated the TRPV1 channels and generated inward currents in all the rats; and the peak current densities of the rats of 7-9 days and 21-23 days were respectively (48.59±18.87) and (55.91±20.52) pA/pF (Pgt;0.05). ③ Repeated applications of capsaicin produced a phenomenon of desensitization in TRPV1 channels. Conclusion TRPV1 receptor channels of visceral sensory neurons in rats have matured after birth, and the current changes of TRPV1 channels activated by capsaicin are similar.