Objective To summarize the visual outcome of patients with severe ocular trauma treated with vitreous surgery. Methods Clinical data of 188(191 eyes) with severe ocular trauma treated with vitreous surgery in a period from November 1996 to April 1998 were analysed retrospectively. Results The study included penetrating injury in 56 eyes, foreign bodies in the posterior segment in 70 eyes, blunt injury in 41 eyes , and globe rupture in 24 eyes. Main complications included endophthalmitis in 35 eyes, choroidal bleeding in 20 eyes, retinal detachment in 60 eyes, and vitreous hemorrhage in 97 eyes. Post-opera-tively, out of 188 eyes, except for 3 of patients too young to examine, visual acuity improved in 133(70.7%), including 85(45.2%) with visal acuity 0.02-1.0, 46(24.5%) remained unchanged; and 9(4.8%) had worse vision. Among 34 with no-light-perception, 12 had light-perception or over. Conclusion A majority of severe trauma eyes can be salvaged with considerable visual recovery after adequate and timely vitreous surgery. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1999,15:4-6)
Objective To review the development of the reconstruction methods following total sacrectomy, and to provide reference for finding a better reconstruction method following total sacrectomy. Methods The case reports and biomechanical and finite element studies of reconstruction following total sacrectomy at home and abroad were searched. Development and current situation were summarized. Results After developing for nearly 30 years, great progress has been made in the reconstruction concept and fixation techniques. The fixation methods can be summarized as the following three strategies: spinopelvic fixation (SPF), posterior pelvic ring fixation (PPRF), and anterior spinal column fixation (ASCF). SPF has undergone technical progress from intrapelvic rod and hook constructs to pedicle and iliac screw-rod systems. PPRF and ASCF could improve the stability of the reconstruction system. Conclusion Reconstruction following total sacrectomy remains a challenge. Reconstruction combining SPF, PPRF, and ASCF is the developmental direction to achieve mechanical stability. How to gain biological fixation to improve the long-term stability is an urgent problem to be solved.
如何努力提高膽囊切除術的質量仍是極其重要的臨床問題。隨著腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(LC)的廣泛開展及膽道外科邁向微創手術時代的今日，膽囊殘留病變的發生和危害依然存在，已成為膽道外科中不可忽視的問題。1 膽囊切除后的殘留病變如殘留膽囊、膽囊殘端結石、膽囊管結石、殘留膽囊頸部、膽囊管過長等，術后癥狀依然存在的患者，四處尋醫，常常被戴上“膽囊切除術后綜合征”的帽子，長期得不到有效的治療，其中絕大多數都是因為膽囊切除術的質量問題需要進行有效的治療，而不是膽囊切除術后綜合征的問題。....................