腫瘤科護士銳器傷發生原因及預防對策_《華西醫學》

作者：

符琰 ,  李俊英 , 余春華

四川大學華西醫院腫瘤中心（成都，610041）;

關鍵詞：

銳器傷護士監測管理

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【摘要】　目的　探討腫瘤科護士銳器傷發生原因及預防管理對策。　方法　 2006年6月-2008年5月，采用醫療銳器傷登記表收集護士銳器傷情況，并對相關數據資料進行統計分析。　結果　 24名護士（5.71人次/100張床）發生銳器傷，主要發生于護齡≤1年的護士（66.67%）；發生時間多集中在上午8:30～11:00之間（41.67%）；地點多為病房床旁（70.83%）；銳器傷集中發生在操作后處理廢棄物過程中（50.00%）；而傷害發生率最高的器具為輸液器頭皮針（59.26%）；通過追蹤調查，發現所有銳器傷人員經處理后均未發生血源性感染。　結論　加強防范知訓培訓，提高護士自我防護意識；規范護理操作行為和廢棄銳器的處理等是預防或降低護士工作時段被感染的重要措施與方法。
【Abstract】　Objective　 To discuss the causes and preventive measures of sharp instrument injuries among oncology nurses.　Methods　 Sharp Instrument injuries were collected with the guide of Roll Call of Sharp Instrument Injuries in Medicine from June 2006 to May 2008. Related data were statistically analyzed.　Results　 Sharp instrument injuries occurred to 24 nurses (5.71 per 100 beds), most of whom had just been in the post for less than one year (66.67%). Most injuries happened at 8:30 am-11:00 am during the morning (41.67%) and at, the bed side (70.83%). A half of the injuries occurred during medical waste disposal and most injuries were caused by scalp acupuncture (59.26%). No hematogenous infection occurred after proper treatment of the injuries.　Conclusion　 Strengthening the knowledge of self-protection, stipulating and monitoring procedures of operating and disposing of sharp instruments are the most important measures to prevent the nurses from being injured during their working.

引用本文： 符琰,李俊英,余春華. 腫瘤科護士銳器傷發生原因及預防對策. 華西醫學, 2011, 26(2): 260-262. doi: 復制

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3.	Lee J, Botteman M, Nicklasson L. A systematic review of the economic and humanistic burden of needlestick injury in the United States[J]. Am J Infect Control, 2004, 32(3): 43.
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9.	Tan L. Report of the council on scientific affairs: Preventing needlestick in juries in health care settings[J]. Arch Internal Med, 2001, 16(7): 929-930.
10.	Yassi A, Mcgill M, Khokhar J, et al. Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a needleless intravenous access system[J]. AJIC, 1995, 23(2): 57-63.
11.	Susan T. Nurses advocate for nurses[J]. American Nurse , 2003, 35(5): 1-3.
12.	Fahey BJ, Koziol DE, Banks SM, et al. Frequency of non-parental occupational exposures to blood and body fluids before and after universal precautions training[J]. AM J Med, 1991, 90(2): 145-153.
13.	Puro V, Carli GD, Petrosillo N, et al. Risk of exposure to bloodborne infection for Italian healthcare workers, by job category and work area[J]. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 2001, 22(4): 206-210.

1. 　Aiken LH, Sloane DM, Klocinski JL. Hospital nurses ’ occupational exposure to blood: prospective, retrospective, and institutional report[J]. Am J Public Health, 1997, 87(1): 103-107.
2. 　張培芳, 趙明銳, 張秀麗, 等. 護士被針刺傷后壓力源與應對方式的調查研究[J]. 護理研究, 2005, 19(7): 1161-1163.
3. 　Lee J, Botteman M, Nicklasson L. A systematic review of the economic and humanistic burden of needlestick injury in the United States[J]. Am J Infect Control, 2004, 32(3): 43.
4. 　李希蘭, 王云瓊, 周剛. 新醫護人員銳器傷調查及預防措施[J]. 中國感染控制雜志, 2005, 4(3): 240-241.
5. 　蘇銀利. 注重《基礎護理學》教學中護生自我防護意識的培養[J]. 護理研究, 2001, 15 (4): 239.
6. 　Lymer UB, Schutz AA, Isaksson B. Adescriptive study of blood exposure incidents among healthcare workers in a university hospital in Sweden[J]. J Hosp Infect, 1997, 35(3): 223-235.
7. 　任小英, 劉義蘭. 易發生針刺傷操作環節的調查分析[J]. 護理研究, 2003, 17(3): 267-268.
8. 　王紅紅, 楊教, 何國平, 等. 護士工作中針刺傷現狀及預防對策[J]. 實用預防醫學, 2002, 9(6): 666-668.
9. 　Tan L. Report of the council on scientific affairs: Preventing needlestick in juries in health care settings[J]. Arch Internal Med, 2001, 16(7): 929-930.
10. 　Yassi A, Mcgill M, Khokhar J, et al. Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a needleless intravenous access system[J]. AJIC, 1995, 23(2): 57-63.
11. 　Susan T. Nurses advocate for nurses[J]. American Nurse , 2003, 35(5): 1-3.
12. 　Fahey BJ, Koziol DE, Banks SM, et al. Frequency of non-parental occupational exposures to blood and body fluids before and after universal precautions training[J]. AM J Med, 1991, 90(2): 145-153.
13. 　Puro V, Carli GD, Petrosillo N, et al. Risk of exposure to bloodborne infection for Italian healthcare workers, by job category and work area[J]. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 2001, 22(4): 206-210.

《華西醫學》

腫瘤科護士銳器傷發生原因及預防對策

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《華西醫學》

腫瘤科護士銳器傷發生原因及預防對策

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