引用本文： 郭玲,張誼芝. 乳頭乳暈角化過度癥的研究進展. 華西醫學, 2008, 23(1): 186-187. doi: 復制
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| 26. | Burns DA.Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology.The Breast[M].New York:Blackwell Science,2004,7:678-679.. |
| 27. | Kavak A,Parlak AH,Aydogan I,et al.Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola in a patient with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis[J].J Dermatol,2006,33(7):510-511.. |
| 28. | Lee HW,Suh HS,Choi JC,et al.Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola as a sign of malignant acanthosis nigricans[J].Clin Exper Dermatol,2005,30(6):721-722.. |
| 29. | Ahn SK,Chung J,Soo Lee W,et al.Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola simultaneously developing with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma[J].J Am Acad Dermatol,1995,32(1):124-125.. |
| 30. | Pérez-Izquierdo JM,Vilata JJ,Sánchez JL,et al.Retinoic acid treatment of nipple hyperkeratosis[J].Arch Dermatol,1990,126(5):687-688.. |
| 31. | Baz K,Kokturk A,Kaya TI,et al.A case of hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola resulting from organoid nevus[J].Int J Dermatol,2003,42(4):318-320.. |
| 32. | Mehanna A,Malak JA,Kibbi AG.Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola:report of 3 cases[J].Arch Dermatol,2001,137(10):1327-1328.. |
| 33. | Milanovic R,Martic K,Stanec S,et al.Surgical treatment of nevoid hyperkeratosis of the areola by removal of the areola and reconstruction with a skin graft[J].Ann Plast Surg,2005,54(6):667-669.. |
| 34. | Ozyazgan I,Kontas O,Ferahbas A.Treatment of nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola using a radiofrequency surgical unit[J].Dermatol Surg,2005,31(6):703-705.. |
| 35. | Roberto R,Hiram L,Andre C.Verrucous epidermal nevus manifesting as nipple and areola hyperkeratosis[J].An Bras de Dermatol,2006,81(4):377-379.. |
| 36. | Obayashi H,Tsuchida T,Ikeda S.Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola[J].Rinsho Dermatol,1998,40:147-150.. |
| 37. | Schwartz RA.Hyperkeratosis of nipple and areola[J].Arch Dermatol,1978,114(12):1844-1845.. |
| 38. | Mold DE,Jegasothy BV.Estrogen-induced hyperkeratosis of the nipple[J].Cutis,1980,26(1):95-96.. |
| 39. | Kubota Y,Koga T,Nakayama J,et al.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola in a man[J].Br J Dermatol,2000,142（2）:382-384.. |
| 40. | Aytekin S,Tarlan N,Alp S,et al.Naevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola[J].J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol,2003,17(2):232-233. |
| 41. | Shastry V,Betkerur J,Kushalappa PA.Unilateral nevoidhyperkeratosis of the nipple:a report of two cases[J].Indian J Dermatol Vener eol Leprol,2006,72(4):303-305.Comment in:Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol,2006,72(5):384-386.. |
| 42. | Bayramgürler D,Bilen N,Apaydin R,et al.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola:treatment of two patients with topical calcipotriol[J].J Am Acad Dermatol,2002,46(1):131-133.Comment in:J Am Acad Dermatol,2005,52(3 Pt 1):529-530.. |
| 43. | Okan G,Baykal C.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola:treatment with topical retinoic acid[J].J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol,1999,13(3):218-220.. |
| 44. | English JC 3rd,Coots NV.A man with nevoid hyperkeratosis of the areola[J].Cutis,1996,57(5):354-356.. |
| 45. | Ortonne JP,el Baze P,Juhlin L.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola mammae:ineffectiveness of etretinate therapy[J].Acta Derm Venereol,1986,66(2):175-177.. |
| 46. | Mitxelena J,Ratón JA,Bilbao I,et al.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the areola in men:response to cryotherapy[J].Dermatology,1999,199(1):73-74.. |
| 47. | Toros P,Onder M,Gürer MA.Bilateral nipple hyperkeratosis treated successfully with topical isotretinoin[J].Australas J Dermatol,1999,40(4):220-222.. |
| 48. | Busse A,Peschen M,Schopf E,et al.Treatment of hyperkeratosis areolae mammae naeviformis with the carbon dioxide laser[J].J Am AcadDermatol,1999,41(2 Pt 1):274-276.. |
| 49. | Lambiris AG,McCormick F.Unilateral hyperkeratosis of nipple and areola associated with androgen insensitivity and oestrogen replacement therapy[J].J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol,2001,15(4):376-377.. |
| 50. | Lee HW,Lee MW,Choi JH,Moon KC,et al.To the editor:Unilateral nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola:excellent response to cryotherapy[J].Dermatol Surg,2005,31(5):611-612.. |
| 51. | Swan MC,Gwilym SE,Hollowood K,et al.Treatment of nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola by shave excision[J].Ann Plast Surg,2004,53(5):510-512. |
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- 26. Burns DA.Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology.The Breast[M].New York:Blackwell Science,2004,7:678-679..
- 27. Kavak A,Parlak AH,Aydogan I,et al.Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola in a patient with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis[J].J Dermatol,2006,33(7):510-511..
- 28. Lee HW,Suh HS,Choi JC,et al.Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola as a sign of malignant acanthosis nigricans[J].Clin Exper Dermatol,2005,30(6):721-722..
- 29. Ahn SK,Chung J,Soo Lee W,et al.Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola simultaneously developing with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma[J].J Am Acad Dermatol,1995,32(1):124-125..
- 30. Pérez-Izquierdo JM,Vilata JJ,Sánchez JL,et al.Retinoic acid treatment of nipple hyperkeratosis[J].Arch Dermatol,1990,126(5):687-688..
- 31. Baz K,Kokturk A,Kaya TI,et al.A case of hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola resulting from organoid nevus[J].Int J Dermatol,2003,42(4):318-320..
- 32. Mehanna A,Malak JA,Kibbi AG.Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola:report of 3 cases[J].Arch Dermatol,2001,137(10):1327-1328..
- 33. Milanovic R,Martic K,Stanec S,et al.Surgical treatment of nevoid hyperkeratosis of the areola by removal of the areola and reconstruction with a skin graft[J].Ann Plast Surg,2005,54(6):667-669..
- 34. Ozyazgan I,Kontas O,Ferahbas A.Treatment of nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola using a radiofrequency surgical unit[J].Dermatol Surg,2005,31(6):703-705..
- 35. Roberto R,Hiram L,Andre C.Verrucous epidermal nevus manifesting as nipple and areola hyperkeratosis[J].An Bras de Dermatol,2006,81(4):377-379..
- 36. Obayashi H,Tsuchida T,Ikeda S.Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola[J].Rinsho Dermatol,1998,40:147-150..
- 37. Schwartz RA.Hyperkeratosis of nipple and areola[J].Arch Dermatol,1978,114(12):1844-1845..
- 38. Mold DE,Jegasothy BV.Estrogen-induced hyperkeratosis of the nipple[J].Cutis,1980,26(1):95-96..
- 39. Kubota Y,Koga T,Nakayama J,et al.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola in a man[J].Br J Dermatol,2000,142（2）:382-384..
- 40. Aytekin S,Tarlan N,Alp S,et al.Naevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola[J].J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol,2003,17(2):232-233.
- 41. Shastry V,Betkerur J,Kushalappa PA.Unilateral nevoidhyperkeratosis of the nipple:a report of two cases[J].Indian J Dermatol Vener eol Leprol,2006,72(4):303-305.Comment in:Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol,2006,72(5):384-386..
- 42. Bayramgürler D,Bilen N,Apaydin R,et al.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola:treatment of two patients with topical calcipotriol[J].J Am Acad Dermatol,2002,46(1):131-133.Comment in:J Am Acad Dermatol,2005,52(3 Pt 1):529-530..
- 43. Okan G,Baykal C.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola:treatment with topical retinoic acid[J].J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol,1999,13(3):218-220..
- 44. English JC 3rd,Coots NV.A man with nevoid hyperkeratosis of the areola[J].Cutis,1996,57(5):354-356..
- 45. Ortonne JP,el Baze P,Juhlin L.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola mammae:ineffectiveness of etretinate therapy[J].Acta Derm Venereol,1986,66(2):175-177..
- 46. Mitxelena J,Ratón JA,Bilbao I,et al.Nevoid hyperkeratosis of the areola in men:response to cryotherapy[J].Dermatology,1999,199(1):73-74..
- 47. Toros P,Onder M,Gürer MA.Bilateral nipple hyperkeratosis treated successfully with topical isotretinoin[J].Australas J Dermatol,1999,40(4):220-222..
- 48. Busse A,Peschen M,Schopf E,et al.Treatment of hyperkeratosis areolae mammae naeviformis with the carbon dioxide laser[J].J Am AcadDermatol,1999,41(2 Pt 1):274-276..
- 49. Lambiris AG,McCormick F.Unilateral hyperkeratosis of nipple and areola associated with androgen insensitivity and oestrogen replacement therapy[J].J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol,2001,15(4):376-377..
- 50. Lee HW,Lee MW,Choi JH,Moon KC,et al.To the editor:Unilateral nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola:excellent response to cryotherapy[J].Dermatol Surg,2005,31(5):611-612..
- 51. Swan MC,Gwilym SE,Hollowood K,et al.Treatment of nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola by shave excision[J].Ann Plast Surg,2004,53(5):510-512.