癲癇外科手術技術專家共識——第六篇：中央區癲癇外科手術技術專家共識_Journal of Epilepsy

Authors：

中國抗癲癇協會青年委員會 , 譚啟富癲癇外科發展專項基金管理委員會 , 北京神經科學學會腦功能性疾病與認知發育專業委員會 , 國家兒科及小兒外科專業醫療質量控制中心 , 《癲癇雜志》編輯部

執筆王秀（首都醫科大學附屬北京天壇醫院），張凱（首都醫科大學附屬北京天壇醫院），梁建民（吉林大學白求恩第一醫院），王爽（浙江大學醫學院附屬第二醫院），王豐（福建醫科大學附屬第一醫院），胡文瀚（首都醫科大學附屬北京天壇醫院），張弨（首都醫科大學附屬北京天壇醫院），趙寶田（首都醫科大學附屬北京天壇醫院），莫嘉杰（首都醫科大學附屬北京天壇醫院），邵曉秋（首都醫科大學附屬北京天壇醫院）;

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DOI：

10.7507/2096-0247.202409001

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Citation： 中國抗癲癇協會青年委員會, 譚啟富癲癇外科發展專項基金管理委員會, 北京神經科學學會腦功能性疾病與認知發育專業委員會, 國家兒科及小兒外科專業醫療質量控制中心, 《癲癇雜志》編輯部. 癲癇外科手術技術專家共識——第六篇：中央區癲癇外科手術技術專家共識. Journal of Epilepsy, 2024, 10(6): 487-494. doi: 10.7507/2096-0247.202409001 Copy

1.	Delev D, Send K, Wagner J, et al. Epilepsy surgery of the rolandic and immediate perirolandic cortex: surgical outcome and prognostic factors. Epilepsia, 2014, 55(10): 1585-1593.
2.	Behdad A, Limbrick D, Bertrand M, et al. Epilepsy surgery in children with seizures arising from the rolandic cortex. Epilepsia, 2009, 50(6): 1450-1461.
3.	Shields WD, Snead OC. Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Epilepsia, 2009, 50(Suppl 8): 10-15.
4.	Pondal-Sordo M, Diosy D, Tellez-Zenteno J-F, et al. Epilepsy surgery involving the sensory-motor cortex. Brain, 2006, 129(Pt 12): 3307-3314.
5.	Wang S, Zhang H, Liu C, et al. Surgical treatment of children with drug-resistant epilepsy involving the Rolandic area. Epileptic Disorder, 2021, 23(2): 376-384.
6.	Vigano L, Fornia L, Rossi M, et al. Anatomo-functional characterisation of the human "hand-knob": a direct electrophysiological study. Cortex, 2019, 113: 239-254.
7.	Strick P, Dum R, Rathelot J. The cortical motor areas and the emergence of motor skills: a neuroanatomical perspective. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 2021, 44425-447.
8.	Frigeri T, Paglioli E, de Oliveira E, et al. Microsurgical anatomy of the central lobe. Journal of Neurosurgery, 2015, 122(3): 483-498.
9.	Mai J, George P. The Human Nervous System (third edition). Academic Press, 2011: 1-1248.
10.	A Majos, Tybor K, Stefanczyk L, et al. Cortical mapping by functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with brain tumors. European Radiology, 2005, 15(6): 1148-1158.
11.	Pirotte B, Voordecker P, Neugroschl C, et al. Combination of functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided neuronavigation and intraoperative cortical brain mapping improves targeting of motor cortex stimulation in neuropathic pain. Neurosurgery, 2008, 62(Suppl 3): 941-956.
12.	De Witt H, Robles S, Zwinderman A, et al. Impact of intraoperative stimulation brain mapping on glioma surgery outcome: a meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2012, 30(20): 2559-2565.
13.	Duffau H, Capelle L, Denvil D, et al. Usefulness of intraoperative electrical subcortical mapping during surgery for low-grade gliomas located within eloquent brain regions: functional results in a consecutive series of 103 patients. Journal of Neurosurgery, 2003, 98(4): 764-778.
14.	Majos A, Bryszewski B, Kosla K, et al. Process of the functional reorganization of the cortical centers for movement in GBM patients: fMRI study. Clinical Neuroradiology, 2017, 27(1): 71-79.
15.	Jeong J, Asano E, Juhasz C, et al. Quantification of primary motor pathways using diffusion MRI tractography and its application to predict postoperative motor deficits in children with focal epilepsy. Human Brain Mapping, 2014, 35(7): 3216-3226.
16.	Vitikainen A, Salli E, Lioumis P, et al. Applicability of nTMS in locating the motor cortical representation areas in patients with epilepsy. Acta Neurochirurgica (Wien), 2013, 155(3): 507-518.
17.	Duncan J, Winston G, Koepp M, et al. Brain imaging in the assessment for epilepsy surgery. Lancet Neurology, 2016, 15(4): 420-433.
18.	De Momi E, Ferrigno G, Bosoni G, et al. A method for the assessment of time-varying brain shift during navigated epilepsy surgery. Internation Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, 2016, 11(3): 473-481.
19.	Roth J, Korn A, Sala F, et al. Intraoperative neurophysiology in pediatric supratentorial surgery: experience with 57 cases. Children's Nervous System, 2020, 36(2): 315-324.
20.	Lieberman J, Lyon R, Feiner J, et al. The effect of age on motor evoked potentials in children under propofol/isoflurane anesthesia. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 2006, 103(2): 316-321.
21.	Sala F, Manganotti P, Grossauer S, et al. Intraoperative neurophysiology of the motor system in children: a tailored approach. Children's Nervous System, 2010, 26(4): 473-490.
22.	Sacino M, Ho C, Murnick J, et al. The role of intraoperative MRI in resective epilepsy surgery for peri-eloquent cortex cortical dysplasias and heterotopias in pediatric patients. Neurosurgical Focus, 2016, 40(3): E16.
23.	Sommer B, Grummich P, Coras R, et al. Integration of functional neuronavigation and intraoperative MRI in surgery for drug-resistant extratemporal epilepsy close to eloquent brain areas. Neurosurgical Focus, 2013, 34(4): E4.
24.	Danckert J, Mirsattari S, Danckert S, et al. Spared somatomotor and cognitive functions in a patient with a large porencephalic cyst revealed by fMRI. Neuropsychologia, 2004, 42(3): 405-418.
25.	Jaillard A, Martin C, Garambois K, et al. Vicarious function within the human primary motor cortex? A longitudinal fMRI stroke study. Brain, 2005, 128(Pt 5): 1122-1138.
26.	Hemb M, Paglioli E, Dubeau F, et al. "Mirror EPC": epilepsia partialis continua shifting sides after rolandic resection in dysplasia. Neurology, 2014, 83(16): 1439-1443.
27.	Chen H, Chen C, Hung S, et al. Cognitive and epilepsy outcomes after epilepsy surgery caused by focal cortical dysplasia in children: early intervention maybe better. Children's Nervous System, 2014, 30(11): 1885-1895.
28.	Chassoux F, Mellerio C, Laurent A, et al. Benefits and risks of epilepsy surgery in patients with focal cortical dysplasia type 2 in the central region. Neurology, 2022, 99(1): e11-e22.
29.	Marusic P, Najm I, Ying Z, et al. Focal cortical dysplasias in eloquent cortex: functional characteristics and correlation with MRI and histopathologic changes. Epilepsia, 2002, 43(1): 27-32.
30.	Girvin J 著, 譚啟富, 張建國, 欒國明譯. 癲癇外科手術技術. 人民軍醫出版社, 2015: 1-186.
31.	胡文瀚, 王秀, 張弨, 等. 腦表面三維重建技術在局灶性皮質發育不良切除術中的應用. 立體定向和功能性神經外科雜志, 2018, 31(02): 65-69.
32.	Isnard J, Taussig D, Bartolomei F, et al. French guidelines on stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG). Clinical Neurophysiology, 2018, 48(1): 5-13.
33.	Maillard L, Tassi L, Bartolomei F, et al. Stereoelectroencephalography and surgical outcome in polymicrogyria-related epilepsy: a multicentric study. Annals of Neurology, 2017, 82(5): 781-794.
34.	Chassoux F, Devaux B, Landre E, et al. Stereoelectroencephalography in focal cortical dysplasia: a 3D approach to delineating the dysplastic cortex. Brain, 2000, 123 ( Pt 8)1733-1751.
35.	Bourdillon P, Isnard J, Catenoix H, et al. Stereo electroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (SEEG-guided RF-TC) in drug-resistant focal epilepsy: results from a 10-year experience. Epilepsia, 2017, 58(1): 85-93.
36.	Cossu M, Cardinale F, Casaceli G, et al. Stereo-EEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulations. Epilepsia, 2017, 58(Suppl 1): 166-172.
37.	Youngerman B, Save A, McKhann G. Magnetic resonance imaging-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for epilepsy: systematic review of technique, indications, and outcomes. Neurosurgery, 2020, 86(4): E366-E382.
38.	Rolston J, Deng H, Wang D, et al. Multiple subpial transections for medically refractory epilepsy: a disaggregated review of patient-level data. Neurosurgery, 2018, 82(5): 613-620.
39.	中國抗癲癇協會. 臨床技術操作規范-癲癇外科分冊. 人民衛生出版社, 2022.
40.	Englot D, Chang E, Auguste K. Vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: a meta-analysis of efficacy and predictors of response. Journal of Neurosurgery, 2011, 115(6): 1248-1255.
41.	Salanova V, Witt T, Worth R, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of thalamic stimulation for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. Neurology, 2015, 84(10): 1017-1025.
42.	Yan H, Wang X, Zhang X, et al. Deep brain stimulation for patients with refractory epilepsy: nuclei selection and surgical outcome. Frontiers in Neurology, 2023, 14: 1169105.
43.	Nair D, Laxer K, Weber P, et al. Nine-year prospective efficacy and safety of brain-responsive neurostimulation for focal epilepsy. Neurology, 2020, 95(9): e1244-e1256.
44.	Sakai K, Ikeda Y. Clinical assessment of motor imagery and physical function in mild stroke patients. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2019, 31(12): 992-996.
45.	王引言, 方晟宇, 李連旺, 等. 重復經顱磁刺激治療腦膠質瘤術后運動功能障礙的臨床分析(附五例報告). 中華神經外科雜志, 2020, 36(5): 458-462.
46.	中國醫師協會腦膠質瘤專業委員會. 中國神經外科術后加速康復外科(ERAS)專家共識. 中華神經外科雜志, 2020, 36(10): 973-983.

1. Delev D, Send K, Wagner J, et al. Epilepsy surgery of the rolandic and immediate perirolandic cortex: surgical outcome and prognostic factors. Epilepsia, 2014, 55(10): 1585-1593.
2. Behdad A, Limbrick D, Bertrand M, et al. Epilepsy surgery in children with seizures arising from the rolandic cortex. Epilepsia, 2009, 50(6): 1450-1461.
3. Shields WD, Snead OC. Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. Epilepsia, 2009, 50(Suppl 8): 10-15.
4. Pondal-Sordo M, Diosy D, Tellez-Zenteno J-F, et al. Epilepsy surgery involving the sensory-motor cortex. Brain, 2006, 129(Pt 12): 3307-3314.
5. Wang S, Zhang H, Liu C, et al. Surgical treatment of children with drug-resistant epilepsy involving the Rolandic area. Epileptic Disorder, 2021, 23(2): 376-384.
6. Vigano L, Fornia L, Rossi M, et al. Anatomo-functional characterisation of the human "hand-knob": a direct electrophysiological study. Cortex, 2019, 113: 239-254.
7. Strick P, Dum R, Rathelot J. The cortical motor areas and the emergence of motor skills: a neuroanatomical perspective. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 2021, 44425-447.
8. Frigeri T, Paglioli E, de Oliveira E, et al. Microsurgical anatomy of the central lobe. Journal of Neurosurgery, 2015, 122(3): 483-498.
9. Mai J, George P. The Human Nervous System (third edition). Academic Press, 2011: 1-1248.
10. A Majos, Tybor K, Stefanczyk L, et al. Cortical mapping by functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with brain tumors. European Radiology, 2005, 15(6): 1148-1158.
11. Pirotte B, Voordecker P, Neugroschl C, et al. Combination of functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided neuronavigation and intraoperative cortical brain mapping improves targeting of motor cortex stimulation in neuropathic pain. Neurosurgery, 2008, 62(Suppl 3): 941-956.
12. De Witt H, Robles S, Zwinderman A, et al. Impact of intraoperative stimulation brain mapping on glioma surgery outcome: a meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2012, 30(20): 2559-2565.
13. Duffau H, Capelle L, Denvil D, et al. Usefulness of intraoperative electrical subcortical mapping during surgery for low-grade gliomas located within eloquent brain regions: functional results in a consecutive series of 103 patients. Journal of Neurosurgery, 2003, 98(4): 764-778.
14. Majos A, Bryszewski B, Kosla K, et al. Process of the functional reorganization of the cortical centers for movement in GBM patients: fMRI study. Clinical Neuroradiology, 2017, 27(1): 71-79.
15. Jeong J, Asano E, Juhasz C, et al. Quantification of primary motor pathways using diffusion MRI tractography and its application to predict postoperative motor deficits in children with focal epilepsy. Human Brain Mapping, 2014, 35(7): 3216-3226.
16. Vitikainen A, Salli E, Lioumis P, et al. Applicability of nTMS in locating the motor cortical representation areas in patients with epilepsy. Acta Neurochirurgica (Wien), 2013, 155(3): 507-518.
17. Duncan J, Winston G, Koepp M, et al. Brain imaging in the assessment for epilepsy surgery. Lancet Neurology, 2016, 15(4): 420-433.
18. De Momi E, Ferrigno G, Bosoni G, et al. A method for the assessment of time-varying brain shift during navigated epilepsy surgery. Internation Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, 2016, 11(3): 473-481.
19. Roth J, Korn A, Sala F, et al. Intraoperative neurophysiology in pediatric supratentorial surgery: experience with 57 cases. Children's Nervous System, 2020, 36(2): 315-324.
20. Lieberman J, Lyon R, Feiner J, et al. The effect of age on motor evoked potentials in children under propofol/isoflurane anesthesia. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 2006, 103(2): 316-321.
21. Sala F, Manganotti P, Grossauer S, et al. Intraoperative neurophysiology of the motor system in children: a tailored approach. Children's Nervous System, 2010, 26(4): 473-490.
22. Sacino M, Ho C, Murnick J, et al. The role of intraoperative MRI in resective epilepsy surgery for peri-eloquent cortex cortical dysplasias and heterotopias in pediatric patients. Neurosurgical Focus, 2016, 40(3): E16.
23. Sommer B, Grummich P, Coras R, et al. Integration of functional neuronavigation and intraoperative MRI in surgery for drug-resistant extratemporal epilepsy close to eloquent brain areas. Neurosurgical Focus, 2013, 34(4): E4.
24. Danckert J, Mirsattari S, Danckert S, et al. Spared somatomotor and cognitive functions in a patient with a large porencephalic cyst revealed by fMRI. Neuropsychologia, 2004, 42(3): 405-418.
25. Jaillard A, Martin C, Garambois K, et al. Vicarious function within the human primary motor cortex? A longitudinal fMRI stroke study. Brain, 2005, 128(Pt 5): 1122-1138.
26. Hemb M, Paglioli E, Dubeau F, et al. "Mirror EPC": epilepsia partialis continua shifting sides after rolandic resection in dysplasia. Neurology, 2014, 83(16): 1439-1443.
27. Chen H, Chen C, Hung S, et al. Cognitive and epilepsy outcomes after epilepsy surgery caused by focal cortical dysplasia in children: early intervention maybe better. Children's Nervous System, 2014, 30(11): 1885-1895.
28. Chassoux F, Mellerio C, Laurent A, et al. Benefits and risks of epilepsy surgery in patients with focal cortical dysplasia type 2 in the central region. Neurology, 2022, 99(1): e11-e22.
29. Marusic P, Najm I, Ying Z, et al. Focal cortical dysplasias in eloquent cortex: functional characteristics and correlation with MRI and histopathologic changes. Epilepsia, 2002, 43(1): 27-32.
30. Girvin J 著, 譚啟富, 張建國, 欒國明譯. 癲癇外科手術技術. 人民軍醫出版社, 2015: 1-186.
31. 胡文瀚, 王秀, 張弨, 等. 腦表面三維重建技術在局灶性皮質發育不良切除術中的應用. 立體定向和功能性神經外科雜志, 2018, 31(02): 65-69.
32. Isnard J, Taussig D, Bartolomei F, et al. French guidelines on stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG). Clinical Neurophysiology, 2018, 48(1): 5-13.
33. Maillard L, Tassi L, Bartolomei F, et al. Stereoelectroencephalography and surgical outcome in polymicrogyria-related epilepsy: a multicentric study. Annals of Neurology, 2017, 82(5): 781-794.
34. Chassoux F, Devaux B, Landre E, et al. Stereoelectroencephalography in focal cortical dysplasia: a 3D approach to delineating the dysplastic cortex. Brain, 2000, 123 ( Pt 8)1733-1751.
35. Bourdillon P, Isnard J, Catenoix H, et al. Stereo electroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (SEEG-guided RF-TC) in drug-resistant focal epilepsy: results from a 10-year experience. Epilepsia, 2017, 58(1): 85-93.
36. Cossu M, Cardinale F, Casaceli G, et al. Stereo-EEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulations. Epilepsia, 2017, 58(Suppl 1): 166-172.
37. Youngerman B, Save A, McKhann G. Magnetic resonance imaging-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy for epilepsy: systematic review of technique, indications, and outcomes. Neurosurgery, 2020, 86(4): E366-E382.
38. Rolston J, Deng H, Wang D, et al. Multiple subpial transections for medically refractory epilepsy: a disaggregated review of patient-level data. Neurosurgery, 2018, 82(5): 613-620.
39. 中國抗癲癇協會. 臨床技術操作規范-癲癇外科分冊. 人民衛生出版社, 2022.
40. Englot D, Chang E, Auguste K. Vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: a meta-analysis of efficacy and predictors of response. Journal of Neurosurgery, 2011, 115(6): 1248-1255.
41. Salanova V, Witt T, Worth R, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of thalamic stimulation for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. Neurology, 2015, 84(10): 1017-1025.
42. Yan H, Wang X, Zhang X, et al. Deep brain stimulation for patients with refractory epilepsy: nuclei selection and surgical outcome. Frontiers in Neurology, 2023, 14: 1169105.
43. Nair D, Laxer K, Weber P, et al. Nine-year prospective efficacy and safety of brain-responsive neurostimulation for focal epilepsy. Neurology, 2020, 95(9): e1244-e1256.
44. Sakai K, Ikeda Y. Clinical assessment of motor imagery and physical function in mild stroke patients. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2019, 31(12): 992-996.
45. 王引言, 方晟宇, 李連旺, 等. 重復經顱磁刺激治療腦膠質瘤術后運動功能障礙的臨床分析(附五例報告). 中華神經外科雜志, 2020, 36(5): 458-462.
46. 中國醫師協會腦膠質瘤專業委員會. 中國神經外科術后加速康復外科(ERAS)專家共識. 中華神經外科雜志, 2020, 36(10): 973-983.

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癲癇外科手術技術專家共識——第六篇：中央區癲癇外科手術技術專家共識

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