Chinese expert consensus of combination with traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary nodules (2025)_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

LIU Wei ¹ , ZHOU Yanbin ² , LIN Jiangtao ³ , LI Zegeng ⁴ , LI Suyun ⁵ , LIU Huiguo ⁶ , WANG Jianxin ⁷ , JIN Zihan ⁸ , WANG Yufei ⁸ , LI Yifan ⁸ , CUI Xinrui ⁸ , LI Tiange ⁸ , CUI Xiaoxian ⁹ , LIN Ziying ² ,  SUN Zengtao ¹ , on behalf of Chinese expert consensus of combination with traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary nodules (2025)

1. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 300000, P. R. China;
2. The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510062, P. R. China;
3. China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P. R. China;
4. The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, P. R. China;
5. The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, P. R. China;
6. Tongji Hospital, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China;
7. Xiyuan Hospital of CACMS, Beijing 100091, P. R. China;
8. Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 300250, P. R. China;
9. The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518016, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

SUN Zengtao, Email: sunzt2017@163.com

Keywords：

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.202602048

Video：

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Citation： LIU Wei, ZHOU Yanbin, LIN Jiangtao, LI Zegeng, LI Suyun, LIU Huiguo, WANG Jianxin, JIN Zihan, WANG Yufei, LI Yifan, CUI Xinrui, LI Tiange, CUI Xiaoxian, LIN Ziying, SUN Zengtao, on behalf of Chinese expert consensus of combination with traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary nodules (2025). Chinese expert consensus of combination with traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary nodules (2025). Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2026, 26(6): 647-654. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.202602048 Copy

1.	中華醫學會呼吸病學分會肺癌學組, 中國肺癌防治聯盟. 肺結節診治中國專家共識. 中華結核和呼吸雜志, 2015, 38(4): 249-254.
2.	Bai C, Choi CM, Chu CM, et al. Evaluation of pulmonary nodules: clinical practice consensus guidelines for Asia. Chest, 2016, 150(4): 877-893.
3.	Gould MK, Donington J, Lynch WR, et al. Evaluation of individuals with pulmonary nodules: when is it lung cancer? Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest, 2013, 143(5 Suppl): e93S-e120S.
4.	MacMahon H, Naidich DP, Goo JM, et al. Guidelines for management of incidental pulmonary nodules detected on CT images: from the Fleischner Society 2017. Radiology, 2017, 284(1): 228-243.
5.	中華醫學會放射學分會心胸學組. 肺亞實性結節影像處理專家共識. 中華放射學雜志, 2015, 49(4): 254-258.
6.	李冰. 感染性肺結節的診治. 2019中國生理學會學術年會暨張錫鈞基金第十五屆全國青年優秀生理學學術論文交流會及第十三屆全國青年生理學工作者學術會議論文摘要, 2019.
7.	何善智, 丁菱, 王敏. 類風濕關節炎合并肺部類風濕結節的危險因素分析. 實用醫學雜志, 2017, (10): 1665-1668.
8.	Loverdos K, Fotiadis A, Kontogianni C, et al. Lung nodules: a comprehensive review on current approach and management. Ann Thorac Med, 2019, 14(4): 226-238.
9.	National Lung Screening Trial Research Team, Aberle DR, Adams AM, et al. Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening. N Engl J Med, 2011, 365(5): 395-409.
10.	中華醫學會呼吸病學分會肺癌學組, 中國肺癌防治聯盟專家組. 肺結節診治中國專家共識(2018年版). 中華結核和呼吸雜志, 2018, 41(10): 763-771.
11.	赫捷, 李霓, 陳萬青, 等. 中國肺癌篩查與早診早治指南(2021, 北京). 中華腫瘤雜志, 2021, 43(3): 243-268.
12.	He YT, Zhang YC, Shi GF, et al. Risk factors for pulmonary nodules in north China: a prospective cohort study. Lung Cancer, 2018, 120: 122-129.
13.	Jia Q, Chen H, Chen X, et al. Barriers to low-dose CT lung cancer screening among middle-aged Chinese. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(19): 7107.
14.	Yang D, Liu Y, Bai C, et al. Epidemiology of lung cancer and lung cancer screening programs in China and the United States. Cancer Lett, 2020, 468: 82-87.
15.	Kobayashi Y, Ambrogio C, Mitsudomi T. Ground-glass nodules of the lung in never-smokers and smokers: clinical and genetic insights. Transl Lung Cancer Res, 2018, 7(4): 487-497.
16.	Yang W, Qian F, Teng J, et al. Community-based lung cancer screening with low-dose CT in China: results of the baseline screening. Lung Cancer, 2018, 117: 20-26.
17.	Fan L, Wang Y, Zhou Y, et al. Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT: baseline screening results in Shanghai. Acad Radiol, 2019, 26(10): 1283-1291.
18.	余藝文, 王傳鵬, 韓耀風, 等. 中國非吸煙女性肺癌危險因素的Meta分析. 中華流行病學雜志, 2016, 37(2): 268-272.
19.	陸勤豐, 陳竹, 巫善珩, 等. 肺結節中醫病因病機及辨證思路概述. 中醫臨床研究, 2024, 16(12): 62-68.
20.	Gómez-Sáez N, González-álvarez I, Vilar J, et al. Prevalence and variables associated with solitary pulmonary nodules in a routine clinic-based population: a cross-sectional study. Eur Radiol, 2014, 24(9): 2174-2182.
21.	Kinsinger LS, Anderson C, Kim J, et al. Implementation of lung cancer screening in the Veterans Health Administration. JAMA Intern Med, 2017, 177(3): 399-406.
22.	張思瑤, 奚肇慶. 奚肇慶治療肺結節學術思想擷菁. 湖北中醫藥大學學報, 2019, 21(4): 114-116.
23.	劉燕鴻, 奚肇慶. 奚肇慶教授從氣虛論治術后肺結節經驗. 福建中醫藥, 2022, 53(9): 52-53.
24.	李媛, 劉殿娜, 代岳雯, 等. 從溫陽法論治肺結節經驗. 北京中醫藥, 2022, 41(5): 494-497.
25.	張鑫, 周鈺浩, 劉文華, 等. 基于經方化裁的消瘀散結方治療痰瘀互結型中危肺結節的臨床研究. 廣州中醫藥大學學報, 2025, 42(1): 101-107.
26.	王林楓, 李玥, 張馨月, 等. 調氣解毒方治療亞實性肺結節痰瘀互結證實用性的隨機對照試驗. 腫瘤, 2024, 44(8): 841-849.
27.	陳飛飛, 張煒, 史苗顏, 等. 散結通絡顆粒治療肺部純磨玻璃小結節氣虛痰瘀證隨機雙盲安慰劑對照研究. 中國中西醫結合雜志, 2024, 44(9): 1044-1050.
28.	張欣蕾, 馬佳怡, 徐凱麗, 等. 益氣化痰逐瘀法治療氣虛痰瘀型肺小結節的療效評價. 浙江臨床醫學, 2025, 27(4): 563-565.
29.	張攀, 吳定慧, 卿紹果, 等. 健脾益肺散結湯治療肺結節氣虛痰瘀型臨床研究. 實用中醫藥雜志, 2025, 41(3): 467-469.
30.	趙戈蕾, 王蓉, 韓亮, 等. 附桂消結湯治療陽虛寒凝肺結節的臨床研究. 中國藥物濫用防治雜志, 2024, 30(7): 1337-1340,1345.
31.	劉彧杉, 張曉梅, 姜良鐸, 等. 益肺活血化痰散結法治療187例肺結節臨床觀察. 中華中醫藥雜志, 2020, 35(2): 992-994.
32.	車麗坤, 張曉梅, 李寶重, 等. 從狀態論治中危磨玻璃肺結節患者的前瞻性隨機對照臨床觀察. 中醫雜志, 2023, 64(20): 2109-2115.
33.	李夢乾, 張曉梅, 李寶重, 等. 從狀態論治中危肺實性結節的隨機對照臨床研究. 北京中醫藥大學學報, 2023, 46(4): 551-556.
34.	曹赟赟, 茅靖, 韋剛, 等. 養陰清肺散結法對陰虛質肺磨玻璃結節臨床觀察. 中華養生保健, 2025, 43(1): 17-20.
35.	李玥, 胡佳奇, 胡越, 等. 中醫藥辨證治療亞實性肺結節的實用性隨機對照研究. 腫瘤防治研究, 2024, 51(5): 373-379.
36.	宋燕燕, 彭磊, 王祺東, 等. 參黃消積湯治療高危孤立性肺實性結節氣陰兩虛證39例. 環球中醫藥, 2025, 18(3): 587-590.

1. 中華醫學會呼吸病學分會肺癌學組, 中國肺癌防治聯盟. 肺結節診治中國專家共識. 中華結核和呼吸雜志, 2015, 38(4): 249-254.
2. Bai C, Choi CM, Chu CM, et al. Evaluation of pulmonary nodules: clinical practice consensus guidelines for Asia. Chest, 2016, 150(4): 877-893.
3. Gould MK, Donington J, Lynch WR, et al. Evaluation of individuals with pulmonary nodules: when is it lung cancer? Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest, 2013, 143(5 Suppl): e93S-e120S.
4. MacMahon H, Naidich DP, Goo JM, et al. Guidelines for management of incidental pulmonary nodules detected on CT images: from the Fleischner Society 2017. Radiology, 2017, 284(1): 228-243.
5. 中華醫學會放射學分會心胸學組. 肺亞實性結節影像處理專家共識. 中華放射學雜志, 2015, 49(4): 254-258.
6. 李冰. 感染性肺結節的診治. 2019中國生理學會學術年會暨張錫鈞基金第十五屆全國青年優秀生理學學術論文交流會及第十三屆全國青年生理學工作者學術會議論文摘要, 2019.
7. 何善智, 丁菱, 王敏. 類風濕關節炎合并肺部類風濕結節的危險因素分析. 實用醫學雜志, 2017, (10): 1665-1668.
8. Loverdos K, Fotiadis A, Kontogianni C, et al. Lung nodules: a comprehensive review on current approach and management. Ann Thorac Med, 2019, 14(4): 226-238.
9. National Lung Screening Trial Research Team, Aberle DR, Adams AM, et al. Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening. N Engl J Med, 2011, 365(5): 395-409.
10. 中華醫學會呼吸病學分會肺癌學組, 中國肺癌防治聯盟專家組. 肺結節診治中國專家共識(2018年版). 中華結核和呼吸雜志, 2018, 41(10): 763-771.
11. 赫捷, 李霓, 陳萬青, 等. 中國肺癌篩查與早診早治指南(2021, 北京). 中華腫瘤雜志, 2021, 43(3): 243-268.
12. He YT, Zhang YC, Shi GF, et al. Risk factors for pulmonary nodules in north China: a prospective cohort study. Lung Cancer, 2018, 120: 122-129.
13. Jia Q, Chen H, Chen X, et al. Barriers to low-dose CT lung cancer screening among middle-aged Chinese. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(19): 7107.
14. Yang D, Liu Y, Bai C, et al. Epidemiology of lung cancer and lung cancer screening programs in China and the United States. Cancer Lett, 2020, 468: 82-87.
15. Kobayashi Y, Ambrogio C, Mitsudomi T. Ground-glass nodules of the lung in never-smokers and smokers: clinical and genetic insights. Transl Lung Cancer Res, 2018, 7(4): 487-497.
16. Yang W, Qian F, Teng J, et al. Community-based lung cancer screening with low-dose CT in China: results of the baseline screening. Lung Cancer, 2018, 117: 20-26.
17. Fan L, Wang Y, Zhou Y, et al. Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT: baseline screening results in Shanghai. Acad Radiol, 2019, 26(10): 1283-1291.
18. 余藝文, 王傳鵬, 韓耀風, 等. 中國非吸煙女性肺癌危險因素的Meta分析. 中華流行病學雜志, 2016, 37(2): 268-272.
19. 陸勤豐, 陳竹, 巫善珩, 等. 肺結節中醫病因病機及辨證思路概述. 中醫臨床研究, 2024, 16(12): 62-68.
20. Gómez-Sáez N, González-álvarez I, Vilar J, et al. Prevalence and variables associated with solitary pulmonary nodules in a routine clinic-based population: a cross-sectional study. Eur Radiol, 2014, 24(9): 2174-2182.
21. Kinsinger LS, Anderson C, Kim J, et al. Implementation of lung cancer screening in the Veterans Health Administration. JAMA Intern Med, 2017, 177(3): 399-406.
22. 張思瑤, 奚肇慶. 奚肇慶治療肺結節學術思想擷菁. 湖北中醫藥大學學報, 2019, 21(4): 114-116.
23. 劉燕鴻, 奚肇慶. 奚肇慶教授從氣虛論治術后肺結節經驗. 福建中醫藥, 2022, 53(9): 52-53.
24. 李媛, 劉殿娜, 代岳雯, 等. 從溫陽法論治肺結節經驗. 北京中醫藥, 2022, 41(5): 494-497.
25. 張鑫, 周鈺浩, 劉文華, 等. 基于經方化裁的消瘀散結方治療痰瘀互結型中危肺結節的臨床研究. 廣州中醫藥大學學報, 2025, 42(1): 101-107.
26. 王林楓, 李玥, 張馨月, 等. 調氣解毒方治療亞實性肺結節痰瘀互結證實用性的隨機對照試驗. 腫瘤, 2024, 44(8): 841-849.
27. 陳飛飛, 張煒, 史苗顏, 等. 散結通絡顆粒治療肺部純磨玻璃小結節氣虛痰瘀證隨機雙盲安慰劑對照研究. 中國中西醫結合雜志, 2024, 44(9): 1044-1050.
28. 張欣蕾, 馬佳怡, 徐凱麗, 等. 益氣化痰逐瘀法治療氣虛痰瘀型肺小結節的療效評價. 浙江臨床醫學, 2025, 27(4): 563-565.
29. 張攀, 吳定慧, 卿紹果, 等. 健脾益肺散結湯治療肺結節氣虛痰瘀型臨床研究. 實用中醫藥雜志, 2025, 41(3): 467-469.
30. 趙戈蕾, 王蓉, 韓亮, 等. 附桂消結湯治療陽虛寒凝肺結節的臨床研究. 中國藥物濫用防治雜志, 2024, 30(7): 1337-1340,1345.
31. 劉彧杉, 張曉梅, 姜良鐸, 等. 益肺活血化痰散結法治療187例肺結節臨床觀察. 中華中醫藥雜志, 2020, 35(2): 992-994.
32. 車麗坤, 張曉梅, 李寶重, 等. 從狀態論治中危磨玻璃肺結節患者的前瞻性隨機對照臨床觀察. 中醫雜志, 2023, 64(20): 2109-2115.
33. 李夢乾, 張曉梅, 李寶重, 等. 從狀態論治中危肺實性結節的隨機對照臨床研究. 北京中醫藥大學學報, 2023, 46(4): 551-556.
34. 曹赟赟, 茅靖, 韋剛, 等. 養陰清肺散結法對陰虛質肺磨玻璃結節臨床觀察. 中華養生保健, 2025, 43(1): 17-20.
35. 李玥, 胡佳奇, 胡越, 等. 中醫藥辨證治療亞實性肺結節的實用性隨機對照研究. 腫瘤防治研究, 2024, 51(5): 373-379.
36. 宋燕燕, 彭磊, 王祺東, 等. 參黃消積湯治療高危孤立性肺實性結節氣陰兩虛證39例. 環球中醫藥, 2025, 18(3): 587-590.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Chinese expert consensus of combination with traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary nodules (2025)

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