Protocol for the expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of vascular aging with traditional Chinese medicine (2026)_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

ZHANG Haomin ^1,2 , SHI Guohua ^1,2 , LIU Xuezheng ^1,2 , ZHANG Junping ^1,2 , LIU Baoshan ³ , FAN Guanwei ^1,2 ,  SHANG Hongcai ⁴ ,  LV Shichao ^1,2

1. First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, P. R. China;
2. National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, P. R. China;
3. Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P. R. China;
4. Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

SHANG Hongcai, Email: shanghongcai@foxmail.com; LV Shichao, Email: dr_lv@foxmail.com

Keywords：

Vascular aging; Traditional Chinese medicine; Standardization; Expert consensus; Protocol

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.202602008

Video：

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Vascular aging is the common pathological basis of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and its early intervention has important public health significance. The overall regulation theory of preventive treatment of disease in traditional Chinese medicine has significant advantages in the prevention and treatment of vascular aging. However, due to the lack of systematic consensus on diagnosis and treatment, the lack of standardization in syndrome differentiation, treatment and prevention has seriously hindered the standardized clinical application and the construction of collaborative diagnosis and treatment system of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Based on the current evidence and clinical practice, the multidisciplinary expert team developed and registered the "Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of vascular aging with traditional Chinese medicine (2026)" aiming to clarify the standardized formulation path of the expert consensus.

Citation： ZHANG Haomin, SHI Guohua, LIU Xuezheng, ZHANG Junping, LIU Baoshan, FAN Guanwei, SHANG Hongcai, LV Shichao. Protocol for the expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of vascular aging with traditional Chinese medicine (2026). Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2026, 26(7): 793-798. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.202602008 Copy

1.	陸杰華, 林嘉琪. 重度老齡化社會的人口特征、風險識別與戰略應對. 中國特色社會主義研究, 2023, 1(1): 59-68.
2.	Leidal AM, Levine B, Debnath J. Autophagy and the cell biology of age-related disease. Nat Cell Biol, 2018, 20(12): 1338-1348.
3.	Aging Biomarker Consortium, Zhang L, Guo J, et al. A framework of biomarkers for vascular aging: a consensus statement by the Aging Biomarker Consortium. Life Med, 2023, 2(4): lnad033.
4.	Augustin HG, Koh GY. A systems view of the vascular endothelium in health and disease. Cell, 2024, 187(18): 4833-4858.
5.	中華醫學會老年醫學分會. 血管衰老臨床評估與干預中國專家共識(2024版). 中華老年醫學雜志, 2024, 43(11): 1371-1381.
6.	張存泰, 陶軍, 田小利, 等. 血管衰老臨床評估與干預中國專家共識(2018). 中華老年病研究電子雜志, 2019, 6(1): 1-8.
7.	李海英, 王亮, 朱凌凌. 中醫學視野下女子抗衰老理論研究. 中華中醫藥雜志, 2020, 35(10): 4907-4910.
8.	陳剛, 郭茂川, 張六通, 等. 腎虛、血瘀、痰濁阻絡為衰老的基本病機. 中國中醫基礎醫學雜志, 2001, 7(7): 489-491.
9.	崔京, 李逸雯, 劉玥, 等. 因瘀致衰與血管衰老. 中國中西醫結合雜志, 2022, 42(4): 487-491.
10.	World Health Organization. WHO handbook for guideline development (2nd ed). 2014.
11.	Schünemann HJ, Wiercioch W, Etxeandia I, et al. Guidelines 2.0: systematic development of a comprehensive checklist for a successful guideline enterprise. CMAJ, 2014, 186(3): E123-E142.
12.	中華醫學會, 中華醫學會臨床藥學分會, 中華醫學會雜志社, 等. 中國制訂/修訂臨床診療指南的指導原則(2022版). 中華醫學雜志, 2022, 102(10): 697-703.
13.	Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ, 2008, 336(7650): 924-926.
14.	Brouwers MC, Kho ME, Browman GP, et al. AGREE II: advancing guideline development, reporting and evaluation in health care. CMAJ, 2010, 182(18): E839-E842.
15.	房紅蕓, 王其強, 靳英輝, 等. 臨床實踐指南科學性、透明性和適用性評價工具(STAR)解讀. 中華醫學雜志, 2022, 102(42): 3353-3358.
16.	Chen Y, Yang K, Maru?i? A, et al. A reporting tool for practice guidelines in health care: the RIGHT statement. Ann Intern Med, 2017, 166(2): 128-132.
17.	陳耀龍, 馬艷芳, 周奇, 等. 誰應該參與臨床實踐指南的制訂. 協和醫學雜志, 2019, 10(5): 524-530.
18.	Alonso-Coello P, Schünemann HJ, Moberg J, et al. GRADE Evidence to Decision (EtD) frameworks: a systematic and transparent approach to making well informed healthcare choices. 1: Introduction. BMJ, 2016, 353: i2016.
19.	趙明娟, 靳英輝, 張菁, 等. 臨床實踐指南制定方法-利益沖突的聲明和管理. 中國循證心血管醫學雜志, 2018, 10(5): 513-517.
20.	Eriksen MB, Frandsen TF. The impact of patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) as a search strategy tool on literature search quality: a systematic review. J Med Libr Assoc, 2018, 106(4): 420-431.
21.	Sterne JAC, Savovi? J, Page MJ, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ, 2019, 366: l4898.
22.	Sterne JA, Hernán MA, Reeves BC, et al. ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ, 2016, 355: i4919.
23.	Whiting PF, Rutjes AW, Westwood ME, et al. QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. Ann Intern Med, 2011, 155(8): 529-536.
24.	Stang A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Eur J Epidemiol, 2010, 25(9): 603-605.
25.	Rostom A, Dubé C, Cranney A, et al. Celiac disease: summary. AHRQ evidence report summaries. 2004.
26.	Hasson F, Keeney S, McKenna H. Research guidelines for the Delphi survey technique. J Adv Nurs, 2000, 32(4): 1008-1015.
27.	Diamond IR, Grant RC, Feldman BM, et al. Defining consensus: a systematic review recommends methodologic criteria for reporting of Delphi studies. J Clin Epidemiol, 2014, 67(4): 401-409.
28.	李淑君, 范曉明, 王云, 等. DNA甲基化促進血管衰老及相關心腦血管疾病. 中國動脈硬化雜志, 2026, 34(3): 255-263.
29.	侯吉玉, 商黔惠, 劉風玲. 高血壓患者早期血管衰老防治的研究新進展. 中國老年學雜志, 2024, 44(18): 4591-4595.
30.	Liu L, Zhao B, Yu Y, et al. Vascular aging in ischemic stroke. J Am Heart Assoc, 2024, 13(15): e033341.
31.	Chen S, Zhang H, Zhang J, et al. Association between vascular aging and cognitive function in Chinese adults. BMC Public Health, 2024, 24(1): 2149.
32.	查玉玲, 李軍, 張文杰. 基于“瘀、毒、痰、虛”理論辨治不能進行血運重建冠心病病人. 中西醫結合心腦血管病雜志, 2025, 23(22): 3504-3507.
33.	鞠靜, 蔡鵬程, 王麗媛, 等. 推進中醫“治未病”理念落實與加快中醫“治未病”機構建設的實踐策略研究. 中醫藥管理雜志, 2025, 33(22): 233-236.
34.	漆仲文, 劉艷飛, 張艷虹, 等. 泛血管衰老與老年心血管共病: 現狀、展望與中西醫結合防治策略. 科學通報, 2025, 70(35): 6027-6039.
35.	劉淑媛, 王階, 李軍, 等. 泛血管疾病全程管理模式構建探析. 中國實驗方劑學雜志, 2026, 32(1): 12-22.
36.	Bell S. Nucleus of fairness: epigenetic ageing, social determinants of health and the imperative for proactive preventive measures. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2024, 78(6): 341-342.

1. 陸杰華, 林嘉琪. 重度老齡化社會的人口特征、風險識別與戰略應對. 中國特色社會主義研究, 2023, 1(1): 59-68.
2. Leidal AM, Levine B, Debnath J. Autophagy and the cell biology of age-related disease. Nat Cell Biol, 2018, 20(12): 1338-1348.
3. Aging Biomarker Consortium, Zhang L, Guo J, et al. A framework of biomarkers for vascular aging: a consensus statement by the Aging Biomarker Consortium. Life Med, 2023, 2(4): lnad033.
4. Augustin HG, Koh GY. A systems view of the vascular endothelium in health and disease. Cell, 2024, 187(18): 4833-4858.
5. 中華醫學會老年醫學分會. 血管衰老臨床評估與干預中國專家共識(2024版). 中華老年醫學雜志, 2024, 43(11): 1371-1381.
6. 張存泰, 陶軍, 田小利, 等. 血管衰老臨床評估與干預中國專家共識(2018). 中華老年病研究電子雜志, 2019, 6(1): 1-8.
7. 李海英, 王亮, 朱凌凌. 中醫學視野下女子抗衰老理論研究. 中華中醫藥雜志, 2020, 35(10): 4907-4910.
8. 陳剛, 郭茂川, 張六通, 等. 腎虛、血瘀、痰濁阻絡為衰老的基本病機. 中國中醫基礎醫學雜志, 2001, 7(7): 489-491.
9. 崔京, 李逸雯, 劉玥, 等. 因瘀致衰與血管衰老. 中國中西醫結合雜志, 2022, 42(4): 487-491.
10. World Health Organization. WHO handbook for guideline development (2nd ed). 2014.
11. Schünemann HJ, Wiercioch W, Etxeandia I, et al. Guidelines 2.0: systematic development of a comprehensive checklist for a successful guideline enterprise. CMAJ, 2014, 186(3): E123-E142.
12. 中華醫學會, 中華醫學會臨床藥學分會, 中華醫學會雜志社, 等. 中國制訂/修訂臨床診療指南的指導原則(2022版). 中華醫學雜志, 2022, 102(10): 697-703.
13. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ, 2008, 336(7650): 924-926.
14. Brouwers MC, Kho ME, Browman GP, et al. AGREE II: advancing guideline development, reporting and evaluation in health care. CMAJ, 2010, 182(18): E839-E842.
15. 房紅蕓, 王其強, 靳英輝, 等. 臨床實踐指南科學性、透明性和適用性評價工具(STAR)解讀. 中華醫學雜志, 2022, 102(42): 3353-3358.
16. Chen Y, Yang K, Maru?i? A, et al. A reporting tool for practice guidelines in health care: the RIGHT statement. Ann Intern Med, 2017, 166(2): 128-132.
17. 陳耀龍, 馬艷芳, 周奇, 等. 誰應該參與臨床實踐指南的制訂. 協和醫學雜志, 2019, 10(5): 524-530.
18. Alonso-Coello P, Schünemann HJ, Moberg J, et al. GRADE Evidence to Decision (EtD) frameworks: a systematic and transparent approach to making well informed healthcare choices. 1: Introduction. BMJ, 2016, 353: i2016.
19. 趙明娟, 靳英輝, 張菁, 等. 臨床實踐指南制定方法-利益沖突的聲明和管理. 中國循證心血管醫學雜志, 2018, 10(5): 513-517.
20. Eriksen MB, Frandsen TF. The impact of patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) as a search strategy tool on literature search quality: a systematic review. J Med Libr Assoc, 2018, 106(4): 420-431.
21. Sterne JAC, Savovi? J, Page MJ, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ, 2019, 366: l4898.
22. Sterne JA, Hernán MA, Reeves BC, et al. ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ, 2016, 355: i4919.
23. Whiting PF, Rutjes AW, Westwood ME, et al. QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. Ann Intern Med, 2011, 155(8): 529-536.
24. Stang A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Eur J Epidemiol, 2010, 25(9): 603-605.
25. Rostom A, Dubé C, Cranney A, et al. Celiac disease: summary. AHRQ evidence report summaries. 2004.
26. Hasson F, Keeney S, McKenna H. Research guidelines for the Delphi survey technique. J Adv Nurs, 2000, 32(4): 1008-1015.
27. Diamond IR, Grant RC, Feldman BM, et al. Defining consensus: a systematic review recommends methodologic criteria for reporting of Delphi studies. J Clin Epidemiol, 2014, 67(4): 401-409.
28. 李淑君, 范曉明, 王云, 等. DNA甲基化促進血管衰老及相關心腦血管疾病. 中國動脈硬化雜志, 2026, 34(3): 255-263.
29. 侯吉玉, 商黔惠, 劉風玲. 高血壓患者早期血管衰老防治的研究新進展. 中國老年學雜志, 2024, 44(18): 4591-4595.
30. Liu L, Zhao B, Yu Y, et al. Vascular aging in ischemic stroke. J Am Heart Assoc, 2024, 13(15): e033341.
31. Chen S, Zhang H, Zhang J, et al. Association between vascular aging and cognitive function in Chinese adults. BMC Public Health, 2024, 24(1): 2149.
32. 查玉玲, 李軍, 張文杰. 基于“瘀、毒、痰、虛”理論辨治不能進行血運重建冠心病病人. 中西醫結合心腦血管病雜志, 2025, 23(22): 3504-3507.
33. 鞠靜, 蔡鵬程, 王麗媛, 等. 推進中醫“治未病”理念落實與加快中醫“治未病”機構建設的實踐策略研究. 中醫藥管理雜志, 2025, 33(22): 233-236.
34. 漆仲文, 劉艷飛, 張艷虹, 等. 泛血管衰老與老年心血管共病: 現狀、展望與中西醫結合防治策略. 科學通報, 2025, 70(35): 6027-6039.
35. 劉淑媛, 王階, 李軍, 等. 泛血管疾病全程管理模式構建探析. 中國實驗方劑學雜志, 2026, 32(1): 12-22.
36. Bell S. Nucleus of fairness: epigenetic ageing, social determinants of health and the imperative for proactive preventive measures. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2024, 78(6): 341-342.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Protocol for the expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of vascular aging with traditional Chinese medicine (2026)

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