Therapeutic advances and future perspectives in myotonic myopathy_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

ZHANG Zhimeng ^1,2 , WANG Shiqian ² , CAO Ying ² , LI Zhongming ² , KONG Xianghaoyue ² ,  LIU Junfeng ¹

1. Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;
2. West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

LIU Junfeng, Email: junfengliu225@outlook.com

Keywords：

Myotonic myopathy; myotonia; myotonia congenita; myotonic dystrophy; treatment research advances

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202604068

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Myotonic myopathy refers to a group of inherited muscle disorders associated with clinical and/or electrical myotonia. Conventional treatments primarily include pharmacotherapy (e.g., mexiletine) and non-pharmacological interventions (e.g., aerobic exercise, strength training), which are largely symptomatic and lack disease-modifying therapies. In recent years, emerging technologies in the biomedical field have continued to evolve, with targeted therapies represented by antisense oligonucleotide drugs and gene editing becoming research hotspots. This article summarizes the therapeutic research on myotonic myopathy conducted both domestically and internationally, and discusses future research directions in this field.

Citation： ZHANG Zhimeng, WANG Shiqian, CAO Ying, LI Zhongming, KONG Xianghaoyue, LIU Junfeng. Therapeutic advances and future perspectives in myotonic myopathy. West China Medical Journal, 2026, 41(5): 845-850. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202604068 Copy

1.	Ptacek LJ, Johnson KJ, Griggs RC. Genetics and physiology of the myotonic muscle disorders. N Engl J Med, 1993, 328(7): 482-489.
2.	Harrison JE, Weber S, Jakob R, et al. ICD-11: an international classification of diseases for the twenty-first century. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak, 2021, 21(Suppl 6): 206.
3.	胡靜. 骨骼肌疾病臨床病理診斷. 北京: 人民衛生出版社, 2011: 130-141.
4.	卜碧濤, 李悅. 強直性肌營養不良. 中華神經科雜志, 2019, 52(8): 654-658.
5.	Liao Q, Zhang Y, He J, et al. Global prevalence of myotonic dystrophy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroepidemiology, 2022, 56(3): 163-173.
6.	吳江. 神經病學. 2 版. 北京: 人民衛生出版社, 2010: 395-398.
7.	國家衛生健康委罕見病診療與保障專家委員會辦公室. 罕見病診療指南(2019 年版). 北京: 國家衛生健康委辦公廳, 2019.
8.	Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez G, Díaz-Manera J, Almendrote M, et al. Clinical guide for the diagnosis and follow-up of myotonic dystrophy type 1, MD1 or Steinert’s disease. Neurologia, 2020, 35(3): 185-206.
9.	Matthews E, Holmes S, Fialho D. Skeletal muscle channelopathies: a guide to diagnosis and management. Pract Neurol, 2021, 21(3): 196-205.
10.	McNally EM, Mann DL, Pinto Y, et al. Clinical care recommendations for cardiologists treating adults with myotonic dystrophy. J Am Heart Assoc, 2020, 9(4): e014006.
11.	Stunnenberg BC, Lorusso S, Arnold WD, et al. Guidelines on clinical presentation and management of nondystrophic myotonias. Muscle Nerve, 2020, 62(4): 430-444.
12.	Groh WJ, Bhakta D, Tomaselli GF, et al. 2022 HRS expert consensus statement on evaluation and management of arrhythmic risk in neuromuscular disorders. Heart Rhythm, 2022, 19(10): e61-e120.
13.	Perez PG. Myotonic dystrophy. Continuum (Minneap Minn), 2025, 31(5): 1437-1461.
14.	Wahbi K, Bassez G, Duchateau J, et al. Expert opinion on mexiletine treatment in adult patients with myotonic dystrophy. Arch Cardiovasc Dis, 2024, 117(6/7): 450-456.
15.	Heatwole C, Luebbe E, Rosero S, et al. Mexiletine in myotonic dystrophy type 1: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Neurology, 2021, 96(2): e228-e240.
16.	Logigian EL, Martens WB, Moxley RT, et al. Mexiletine is an effective antimyotonia treatment in myotonic dystrophy type 1. Neurology, 2010, 74(18): 1441-1448.
17.	Suetterlin KJ, Bugiardini E, Kaski JP, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of mexiletine for patients with skeletal muscle channelopathies. JAMA Neurol, 2015, 72(12): 1531-1538.
18.	Vicart S, Franques J, Bouhour F, et al. Efficacy and safety of mexiletine in non-dystrophic myotonias: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Neuromuscul Disord, 2021, 31(11): 1124-1135.
19.	Andersen G, Hedermann G, Witting N, et al. The antimyotonic effect of lamotrigine in non-dystrophic myotonias: a double-blind randomized study. Brain, 2017, 140(9): 2295-2305.
20.	Arnold WD, Kline D, Sanderson A, et al. Open-label trial of ranolazine for the treatment of myotonia congenita. Neurology, 2017, 89(7): 710-713.
21.	Desaphy JF, Carbonara R, Costanza T, et al. Preclinical evaluation of marketed sodium channel blockers in a rat model of myotonia discloses promising antimyotonic drugs. Exp Neurol, 2014, 255(100): 96-102.
22.	Vivekanandam V, Skorupinska I, Jayaseelan DL, et al. Mexiletine versus lamotrigine in non-dystrophic myotonias: a randomised, double-blind, head-to-head, crossover, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial. Lancet Neurol, 2024, 23(10): 1004-1012.
23.	Lorusso S, Kline D, Bartlett A, et al. Open-label trial of ranolazine for the treatment of paramyotonia congenita. Muscle Nerve, 2019, 59(2): 240-243.
24.	Desaphy JF, Modoni A, Lomonaco M, et al. Dramatic improvement of myotonia permanens with flecainide: a two-case report of a possible bench-to-bedside pharmacogenetics strategy. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 2013, 69(4): 1037-1039.
25.	Terracciano C, Farina O, Esposito T, et al. Successful long-term therapy with flecainide in a family with paramyotonia congenita. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2018, 89(11): 1232-1234.
26.	Gorog DA, Russell G, Casian A, et al. A cautionary tale: the risks of flecainide treatment for myotonic dystrophy. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis, 2005, 7(1): 25-28.
27.	Spillane J, Trip J, Drost G, et al. Drug treatment for myotonia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2025, 4(4): CD004762.
28.	García-Puga M, Saenz-Anto?anzas A, Fernández-Torrón R, et al. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 cells display impaired metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction that are reversed by metformin. Aging (Albany NY), 2020, 12(7): 6260-6275.
29.	Scalzo RL, Paris HL, Binns SE, et al. Ergogenic properties of metformin in simulated high altitude. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 2017, 44(7): 729-738.
30.	Bassez G, Audureau E, Hogrel JY, et al. Improved mobility with metformin in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a randomized controlled trial. Brain, 2018, 141(10): 2855-2865.
31.	Thornton CA, Wang E, Carrell EM. Myotonic dystrophy: approach to therapy. Curr Opin Genet Dev, 2017, 44: 135-140.
32.	Nakamori M, Taylor K, Mochizuki H, et al. Oral administration of erythromycin decreases RNA toxicity in myotonic dystrophy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol, 2016, 3(1): 42-54.
33.	Nakamori M, Nakatani D, Sato T, et al. Erythromycin for myotonic dystrophy type 1: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. EClinicalMedicine, 2024, 67: 102390.
34.	Markhorst JM, Stunnenberg BC, Ginjaar IB, et al. Clinical experience with long-term acetazolamide treatment in children with nondystrophic myotonias: a three-case report. Pediatr Neurol, 2014, 51(4): 537-541.
35.	Griggs RC, Moxley RT, Riggs JE, et al. Effects of acetazolamide on myotonia. Ann Neurol, 1978, 3(6): 531-537.
36.	Eguchi H, Tsujino A, Kaibara M, et al. Acetazolamide acts directly on the human skeletal muscle chloride channel. Muscle Nerve, 2006, 34(3): 292-297.
37.	Tricarico D, Barbieri M, Camerino DC. Acetazolamide opens the muscular KCa²⁺ channel: a novel mechanism of action that may explain the therapeutic effect of the drug in hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Ann Neurol, 2000, 48(3): 304-312.
38.	Montagnese F, Stahl K, Wenninger S, et al. A role for cannabinoids in the treatment of myotonia? Report of compassionate use in a small cohort of patients. J Neurol, 2020, 267(2): 415-421.
39.	Huang CW, Lin PC, Chen JL, et al. Cannabidiol selectively binds to the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.4 in its slow-inactivated state and inhibits sodium current. Biomedicines, 2021, 9(9): 1141.
40.	Thornton CA, Moxley RT 3rd, Eichinger K, et al. Antisense oligonucleotide targeting DMPK in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a multicentre, randomised, dose-escalation, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2a trial. Lancet Neurol, 2023, 22(3): 218-228.
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46.	Takahashi MP. Update on the clinical and therapeutic aspects of myotonic dystrophy type 1. Curr Opin Neurol, 2025, 38(5): 531-537.
47.	Shetty S, Luo Y, Thomas A, et al. Effect of exercise training on clinical and physiological variables in adults with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol, 2026, 273(5): 266.
48.	Leone E, Pandyan A, Rogers A, et al. Effectiveness of conservative non-pharmacological interventions in people with muscular dystrophies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2024, 95(5): 442-453.
49.	Mikhail AI, Nagy PL, Manta K, et al. Aerobic exercise elicits clinical adaptations in myotonic dystrophy type 1 patients independently of pathophysiological changes. J Clin Invest, 2022, 132(10): e156125.
50.	Shetty S, Luo Y, Thomas A, et al. Effect of exercise training on clinical and physiological variables in adults with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a systematic review protocol. MethodsX, 2024, 13: 102957.
51.	Davey EE, Légaré C, Planco L, et al. Individual transcriptomic response to strength training for patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1. JCI Insight, 2023, 8(14): e163856.
52.	Girard-C?té L, Gallais B, Gagnon C, et al. Resistance training in women with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a multisystemic therapeutic avenue. Neuromuscul Disord, 2024, 40: 38-51.
53.	Lessard S, Gaboury S, Gagnon C, et al. Effects and acceptability of an individualized home-based 10-week training program in adults with myotonic dystrophy type 1. J Neuromuscul Dis, 2021, 8(1): 137-149.
54.	Aoussim A, Légaré C, Roussel MP, et al. Towards the identification of biomarkers for muscle function improvement in myotonic dystrophy type 1. J Neuromuscul Dis, 2023, 10(6): 1041-1053.
55.	Heidsieck E, Gutschmidt K, Schoser B, et al. Suitability of the Respicheck questionnaire and Epworth sleepiness scale for therapy monitoring in myotonic dystrophy type 1. Neuromuscul Disord, 2023, 33(10): 754-761.
56.	Hamel JI. Myotonic dystrophy. Continuum (Minneap Minn), 2022, 28(6): 1715-1734.
57.	Eren ?, Er?en A, Birsel O, et al. Functional outcomes and complications following scapulothoracic arthrodesis in patients with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2020, 102(3): 237-244.
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59.	?rstavik K, Solbakken G, Rasmussen M, et al. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 - a multiorgan disorder. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 2024, 144(5): 1-6.
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1. Ptacek LJ, Johnson KJ, Griggs RC. Genetics and physiology of the myotonic muscle disorders. N Engl J Med, 1993, 328(7): 482-489.
2. Harrison JE, Weber S, Jakob R, et al. ICD-11: an international classification of diseases for the twenty-first century. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak, 2021, 21(Suppl 6): 206.
3. 胡靜. 骨骼肌疾病臨床病理診斷. 北京: 人民衛生出版社, 2011: 130-141.
4. 卜碧濤, 李悅. 強直性肌營養不良. 中華神經科雜志, 2019, 52(8): 654-658.
5. Liao Q, Zhang Y, He J, et al. Global prevalence of myotonic dystrophy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroepidemiology, 2022, 56(3): 163-173.
6. 吳江. 神經病學. 2 版. 北京: 人民衛生出版社, 2010: 395-398.
7. 國家衛生健康委罕見病診療與保障專家委員會辦公室. 罕見病診療指南(2019 年版). 北京: 國家衛生健康委辦公廳, 2019.
8. Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez G, Díaz-Manera J, Almendrote M, et al. Clinical guide for the diagnosis and follow-up of myotonic dystrophy type 1, MD1 or Steinert’s disease. Neurologia, 2020, 35(3): 185-206.
9. Matthews E, Holmes S, Fialho D. Skeletal muscle channelopathies: a guide to diagnosis and management. Pract Neurol, 2021, 21(3): 196-205.
10. McNally EM, Mann DL, Pinto Y, et al. Clinical care recommendations for cardiologists treating adults with myotonic dystrophy. J Am Heart Assoc, 2020, 9(4): e014006.
11. Stunnenberg BC, Lorusso S, Arnold WD, et al. Guidelines on clinical presentation and management of nondystrophic myotonias. Muscle Nerve, 2020, 62(4): 430-444.
12. Groh WJ, Bhakta D, Tomaselli GF, et al. 2022 HRS expert consensus statement on evaluation and management of arrhythmic risk in neuromuscular disorders. Heart Rhythm, 2022, 19(10): e61-e120.
13. Perez PG. Myotonic dystrophy. Continuum (Minneap Minn), 2025, 31(5): 1437-1461.
14. Wahbi K, Bassez G, Duchateau J, et al. Expert opinion on mexiletine treatment in adult patients with myotonic dystrophy. Arch Cardiovasc Dis, 2024, 117(6/7): 450-456.
15. Heatwole C, Luebbe E, Rosero S, et al. Mexiletine in myotonic dystrophy type 1: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Neurology, 2021, 96(2): e228-e240.
16. Logigian EL, Martens WB, Moxley RT, et al. Mexiletine is an effective antimyotonia treatment in myotonic dystrophy type 1. Neurology, 2010, 74(18): 1441-1448.
17. Suetterlin KJ, Bugiardini E, Kaski JP, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of mexiletine for patients with skeletal muscle channelopathies. JAMA Neurol, 2015, 72(12): 1531-1538.
18. Vicart S, Franques J, Bouhour F, et al. Efficacy and safety of mexiletine in non-dystrophic myotonias: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Neuromuscul Disord, 2021, 31(11): 1124-1135.
19. Andersen G, Hedermann G, Witting N, et al. The antimyotonic effect of lamotrigine in non-dystrophic myotonias: a double-blind randomized study. Brain, 2017, 140(9): 2295-2305.
20. Arnold WD, Kline D, Sanderson A, et al. Open-label trial of ranolazine for the treatment of myotonia congenita. Neurology, 2017, 89(7): 710-713.
21. Desaphy JF, Carbonara R, Costanza T, et al. Preclinical evaluation of marketed sodium channel blockers in a rat model of myotonia discloses promising antimyotonic drugs. Exp Neurol, 2014, 255(100): 96-102.
22. Vivekanandam V, Skorupinska I, Jayaseelan DL, et al. Mexiletine versus lamotrigine in non-dystrophic myotonias: a randomised, double-blind, head-to-head, crossover, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial. Lancet Neurol, 2024, 23(10): 1004-1012.
23. Lorusso S, Kline D, Bartlett A, et al. Open-label trial of ranolazine for the treatment of paramyotonia congenita. Muscle Nerve, 2019, 59(2): 240-243.
24. Desaphy JF, Modoni A, Lomonaco M, et al. Dramatic improvement of myotonia permanens with flecainide: a two-case report of a possible bench-to-bedside pharmacogenetics strategy. Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 2013, 69(4): 1037-1039.
25. Terracciano C, Farina O, Esposito T, et al. Successful long-term therapy with flecainide in a family with paramyotonia congenita. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2018, 89(11): 1232-1234.
26. Gorog DA, Russell G, Casian A, et al. A cautionary tale: the risks of flecainide treatment for myotonic dystrophy. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis, 2005, 7(1): 25-28.
27. Spillane J, Trip J, Drost G, et al. Drug treatment for myotonia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2025, 4(4): CD004762.
28. García-Puga M, Saenz-Anto?anzas A, Fernández-Torrón R, et al. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 cells display impaired metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction that are reversed by metformin. Aging (Albany NY), 2020, 12(7): 6260-6275.
29. Scalzo RL, Paris HL, Binns SE, et al. Ergogenic properties of metformin in simulated high altitude. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 2017, 44(7): 729-738.
30. Bassez G, Audureau E, Hogrel JY, et al. Improved mobility with metformin in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a randomized controlled trial. Brain, 2018, 141(10): 2855-2865.
31. Thornton CA, Wang E, Carrell EM. Myotonic dystrophy: approach to therapy. Curr Opin Genet Dev, 2017, 44: 135-140.
32. Nakamori M, Taylor K, Mochizuki H, et al. Oral administration of erythromycin decreases RNA toxicity in myotonic dystrophy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol, 2016, 3(1): 42-54.
33. Nakamori M, Nakatani D, Sato T, et al. Erythromycin for myotonic dystrophy type 1: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. EClinicalMedicine, 2024, 67: 102390.
34. Markhorst JM, Stunnenberg BC, Ginjaar IB, et al. Clinical experience with long-term acetazolamide treatment in children with nondystrophic myotonias: a three-case report. Pediatr Neurol, 2014, 51(4): 537-541.
35. Griggs RC, Moxley RT, Riggs JE, et al. Effects of acetazolamide on myotonia. Ann Neurol, 1978, 3(6): 531-537.
36. Eguchi H, Tsujino A, Kaibara M, et al. Acetazolamide acts directly on the human skeletal muscle chloride channel. Muscle Nerve, 2006, 34(3): 292-297.
37. Tricarico D, Barbieri M, Camerino DC. Acetazolamide opens the muscular KCa²⁺ channel: a novel mechanism of action that may explain the therapeutic effect of the drug in hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Ann Neurol, 2000, 48(3): 304-312.
38. Montagnese F, Stahl K, Wenninger S, et al. A role for cannabinoids in the treatment of myotonia? Report of compassionate use in a small cohort of patients. J Neurol, 2020, 267(2): 415-421.
39. Huang CW, Lin PC, Chen JL, et al. Cannabidiol selectively binds to the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.4 in its slow-inactivated state and inhibits sodium current. Biomedicines, 2021, 9(9): 1141.
40. Thornton CA, Moxley RT 3rd, Eichinger K, et al. Antisense oligonucleotide targeting DMPK in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a multicentre, randomised, dose-escalation, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2a trial. Lancet Neurol, 2023, 22(3): 218-228.
41. Johnson NE, Tai LJ, Hamel JI, et al. An antibody-oligonucleotide conjugate for myotonic dystrophy type 1. N Engl J Med, 2026, 394(8): 763-772.
42. Fowler M, Johnson N, Thornton C, et al. 226P Phase 3, randomized, global study assessing efficacy and safety of del-desiran for the treatment of myotonic dystrophy type 1: HARBOR trial design. Neuromuscul Disord, 2024, 43(Suppl 1): 226P.
43. Peng X, Shen X, Chen X, et al. Celf1 regulates cell cycle and is partially responsible for defective myoblast differentiation in myotonic dystrophy RNA toxicity. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2015, 1852(7): 1490-1497.
44. Childs AVR, Henderson RD, Henderson DJ, et al. Treatments and therapies for symptoms and clinical manifestations of adult type 1 myotonic dystrophy: a scoping review. J Neurol Sci, 2025, 472: 123470.
45. Childs AVR, Piper AJ, Tay GTP, et al. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation for chronic hypoventilation in myotonic dystrophy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2025, 8(8): CD014726.
46. Takahashi MP. Update on the clinical and therapeutic aspects of myotonic dystrophy type 1. Curr Opin Neurol, 2025, 38(5): 531-537.
47. Shetty S, Luo Y, Thomas A, et al. Effect of exercise training on clinical and physiological variables in adults with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol, 2026, 273(5): 266.
48. Leone E, Pandyan A, Rogers A, et al. Effectiveness of conservative non-pharmacological interventions in people with muscular dystrophies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2024, 95(5): 442-453.
49. Mikhail AI, Nagy PL, Manta K, et al. Aerobic exercise elicits clinical adaptations in myotonic dystrophy type 1 patients independently of pathophysiological changes. J Clin Invest, 2022, 132(10): e156125.
50. Shetty S, Luo Y, Thomas A, et al. Effect of exercise training on clinical and physiological variables in adults with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a systematic review protocol. MethodsX, 2024, 13: 102957.
51. Davey EE, Légaré C, Planco L, et al. Individual transcriptomic response to strength training for patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1. JCI Insight, 2023, 8(14): e163856.
52. Girard-C?té L, Gallais B, Gagnon C, et al. Resistance training in women with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a multisystemic therapeutic avenue. Neuromuscul Disord, 2024, 40: 38-51.
53. Lessard S, Gaboury S, Gagnon C, et al. Effects and acceptability of an individualized home-based 10-week training program in adults with myotonic dystrophy type 1. J Neuromuscul Dis, 2021, 8(1): 137-149.
54. Aoussim A, Légaré C, Roussel MP, et al. Towards the identification of biomarkers for muscle function improvement in myotonic dystrophy type 1. J Neuromuscul Dis, 2023, 10(6): 1041-1053.
55. Heidsieck E, Gutschmidt K, Schoser B, et al. Suitability of the Respicheck questionnaire and Epworth sleepiness scale for therapy monitoring in myotonic dystrophy type 1. Neuromuscul Disord, 2023, 33(10): 754-761.
56. Hamel JI. Myotonic dystrophy. Continuum (Minneap Minn), 2022, 28(6): 1715-1734.
57. Eren ?, Er?en A, Birsel O, et al. Functional outcomes and complications following scapulothoracic arthrodesis in patients with facioscapulohumeral dystrophy. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2020, 102(3): 237-244.
58. Leddy S, Cercignani M, Serra L, et al. Social cognition in type 1 myotonic dystrophy - a mini review. Cortex, 2021, 142: 389-399.
59. ?rstavik K, Solbakken G, Rasmussen M, et al. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 - a multiorgan disorder. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 2024, 144(5): 1-6.
60. Okkersen K, Jimenez-Moreno C, Wenninger S, et al. Cognitive behavioural therapy with optional graded exercise therapy in patients with severe fatigue with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a multicentre, single-blind, randomised trial. Lancet Neurol, 2018, 17(8): 671-680.
61. Peric S, Rakocevic-Stojanovic V, Meola G. Cerebral involvement and related aspects in myotonic dystrophy type 2. Neuromuscul Disord, 2021, 31(8): 681-694.
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