Research progress on the correlation between Tuberculosis-specific T-cell detection and ocular Tuberculosis_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

He Jiaxuan , Liu Zehao , Liu Xinyu ,  Lin Ying

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China;

Corresponding?author：

Lin Ying, Email: linying@gzzoc.com

Keywords：

Tuberculosis-specific T-cell detection; Ocular tuberculosis; Tuberculosis immune response; Review

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20250922-00410

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the leading infectious killer posing a major public health threat. The clinical manifestations of ocular tuberculosis are highly heterogeneous. Currently, the diagnosis of ocular tuberculosis still heavily relies on comprehensive clinical judgment and response to anti-tuberculosis therapy. Tuberculosis-specific T-cell detection quantifies the intensity of antigen-specific T-cell responses, providing indirect evidence for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection. It has become a key auxiliary examination in the diagnosis and management of ocular tuberculosis but must be closely integrated with clinical manifestations and imaging features. A positive result suggests the involvement of a tuberculous immune response but cannot alone confirm a diagnosis of ocular tuberculosis. Future efforts should integrate T-SPOT.TB testing with other diagnostic tools, standardize diagnostic procedures, and explore the mechanisms linking T-cell subset functions with the intraocular immune microenvironment. Further elucidation of the relationship between T-cell responses and ocular tuberculosis phenotypes will help advance personalized treatment.

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